Abstract: Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics and correlative risk factors of sequela of paralysis in acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases in Guangdong Province and to explore relevant prevention and control measures．Methods The data of the cases were from AFP surveillance system of Guangdong Province and included basic situation, clinical symptom, doctor visits, history of immunization. Specimens of double feces were collected and delivered to provincial laboratory to detect polio virus. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of AFP cases with residual paralysis during 2008 to 2012. The correlative risk factors of sequela of paralysis were analyzed with univariate and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression. Results A total of 1 659 AFP cases were reported, including 231 cases of residual paralysis (13.92%) in Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2012. The residual paralysis cases concentrated in the children aged 0-4 years old (82.25%, 190/231). 67.97% of the residual paralysis cases had been vaccinated at least 3 times. Before paralysis, the most symptoms of the residual paralysis cases were fever (71.43%, 165/231) and lower limb paralysis (67.10%, 155/231). The polio virus isolating rate from the excrement of residual paralysis cases was 19.82% (45/227). The multivariate nonconditional logistic regression analyses showed that residual paralysis of AFP cases was associated with female, fever before paralysis, and polio virus isolated from the faces specimen with OR at 1.673, 1.560, and 6.535, respectively. Conclusion The polio virus isolated from feces significantly increased risk of residual paralysis of AFP cases. Cases of vaccine associated paralytic poliomyelitis may exist among residual paralysis cases. A high immunization coverage rate should be promoted to reduce the incidence of residual paralysis in AFP cases．