Objective To explore the relationship between organ dysfunction and the severity of H1N1 infection. Methods Four databases (EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane) were searched for relevant studies pub‐lished between January 1, 2009, and December 15, 2024. Meta-analysis was conducted using Stata 15.0. Results A total of 52 studies were included in the final analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that patients with underlying dis‐eases, such as chronic pulmonary disease (OR=1.59, P<0.01) and chronic liver disease (OR=2.33, P<0.01), were more likely to develop severe cases. Elevated serum biomarkers such as creatinine (WMD=0.34 mg/dL, P<0.01) and creatine ki‐nase (WMD=0.21 U/L, P=0.027), as well as higher incidence rates of pneumonia (OR=6.59, P<0.01), heart failure (OR= 1.68, P<0.01), and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (OR=13.00, P<0.01), were all associated with severe H1N1 infec‐tion. Conclusion Patients with underlying diseases are more likely to develop severe illness, and severe H1N1 infection is associated with multi-organ injury.

Objective To explore the causal relationship between peripheral blood metal element levels and cervical cancer based on large-scale human genetic data from Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) databases, using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis methods. Methods Data sets for 21 peripheral blood metal elements were obtained from the GWAS Catalog database as exposure data, while GWAS data for cervical cancer were obtained from the FinnGen database as outcome data. A two-sample MR analysis method was used to assess the potential causal relationship between peripheral blood metal element levels and cervical cancer. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was employed as the primary analysis approach to estimate the relationship between exposure (i.e., peripheral blood metal elements) and outcome (i.e., cervical cancer) using multiple instrumental variables (IVs), thereby obtaining more precise causal effect estimates. Weighted median analysis, weighted mode, and MR-Egger methods were also used to complement the analysis, ensuring the reliability of causal inference and the robustness of the results. Additionally, heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy analyses were conducted, and the MR Steiger directionality test was used to exclude reverse causality. Results The IVW analysis showed that serum nickel levels were positively associated with the risk of cervical malignancy (OR=1.145, 95% CI: 1.008-1.300, P=0.037). This causal relationship was not affected by heterogeneity (Q_MREgger=40.211, P_MR-Egger= 0.505; Q_IVW=40.288, P_IVW=0.546) or horizontal pleiotropic effects (MR-Egger intercept=0.00889, P=0.784). Serum molybdenum levels were found to be a protective factor for squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix (OR=0.810, 95% CI: 0.658~0.997, P=0.047). Sensitivity analyses and other MR analyses also indicated no heterogeneity, horizontal pleiotropy, or reverse causality in the study results. Conclusion sSerum nickel and molybdenum levels have genetically predicted causal relationships with the occurrence of cervical cancer. These findings provide a new perspective for predicting the development and progression of cervical cancer and may aid in the prevention and early diagnosis of this disease.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic gap and medication adherence in post-operative anti-osteoporotic treatment among patients with hip fractures, while identifying factors influencing adherence, with the objective of providing evidence-based recommendations for optimizing disease management strategies. Methods A cross-sectional study design was adopted, and a questionnaire survey was conducted on hip fracture patients who underwent surgical intervention for hip fractures at the Second Hospital of Baoding from January 2021 to June 2023. Descriptive statistical methods were utilized to analyze the magnitude of the therapeutic gap and adherence rates in anti-osteoporotic therapy post-hip fracture. Furthermore, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine determinants impacting medication adherence. Results A total of 335 patients were included in the survey. Among them, 200 patients had not initiated anti-osteoporotic therapy within 12 months post-operatively, resulting in a therapeutic gap rate of 59.70% (200/335). Among the 135 patients who received anti-osteoporotic treatment, 56 patients (41.48%) demonstrated good adherence, whereas 79 patients (58.52%) exhibited poor adherence. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that lower monthly per capita household income (<3 000 RMB or 3 000 - <5 000 RMB, OR=4.258, 3.554), type of medical insurance (residents' insurance or employees' insurance, OR=0.148, 0.214), living alone (OR=2.953), inadequate knowledge regarding osteoporosis (OR=2.616), absence of post-operative bone mineral density assessment (OR=5.340), and experiencing drug-related adverse reactions (OR=4.475) were all significant predictors of poor adherence to anti-osteoporotic therapy (all P<0.05). Conclusion sThere exists a substantial therapeutic gap in post-operative anti-osteoporotic treatment among patients with hip fractures. Additionally, adherence among those receiving treatment remains suboptimal. Tailored interventions should comprehensively address factors such as per capita household income, type of medical insurance, living situation, osteoporosis-related health literacy, post-operative bone mineral density monitoring, and drug-related adverse events in order to improve adherence and thereby facilitate better prognostic outcomes.

Objective To investigate the current prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in the Jiefang District of Jiaozuo City, analyze associated risk factors, and provide empirical evidence to inform the development of targeted prevention and control strategies. Methods From January to October 2024, a randomized cluster sampling method was adopted to select students from 26 schools in Jiefang District, including 17 primary schools, 6 junior high schools, 2 senior high schools, and 1 vocational high school. Overweight and obesity were screened among enrolled students, and a supplementary questionnaire survey was administered. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, while both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify determinants of overweight and obesity. Results Of the 32 748 students initially surveyed, 32 289 provided valid responses and were included in the final analysis. The overall prevalence of overweight and obesity was 36.30% (11 721/32 289). Multivariate logistic regression identified several significant factors associated with overweight and obesity, including maternal overweight and obesity prior to pregnancy (OR=1.758), excessive maternal gestational weight gain (OR=1.422), not consuming breakfast daily (OR=2.818), frequent consumption of high-fat or high-sugar foods (OR=3.176), family members using high-fat or high-sugar foods as rewards (OR=4.255), and full compliance with the recommended 24-hour physical activity guidelines (OR=0.410) (all P<0.05). Conclusion sThe prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary and secondary school students in Jiefang District is alarmingly high. Maternal pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity and excessive gestational weight gain, irregular breakfast consumption, frequent intake of high-fat or high-sugar foods, and the use of such foods as familial rewards are strongly correlated with increased risk of overweight and obesity among students. Conversely, students who fully adhere to 24-hour physical activity recommendations exhibit a significantly lower risk. It is recommended that intervention efforts begin with maternal health management during pregnancy, coupled with intensified health education focused on balanced diets and regular physical activity, so as to optimize students' dietary habits and activity patterns, reduce the incidence of overweight and obesity, and safeguard students' healthy development.

Objective To understand the occurrence of emotional and behavioral problems among primary and secondary school students in a county of Yunnan Province and explore potential influencing factors, providing a scientific basis for promoting mental health and developing relevant measures and interventions. Methods In December 2023, a random cluster sampling method was used to select students from the fourth grade of primary school to the third grade of high school in a county of Yunnan Province. The survey tools included the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) student version, the MacArthur scale, and a self-designed scale. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors potentially associated with emotional and behavioral problems. Results A total of 830 students were included in this study, comprising 360 boys and 470 girls; 281 primary school students, 266 junior high school students, and 283 senior high school students. The abnormal detection rate of emotional and behavioral problems among students was 11.45% (95 cases), with a borderline rate of 15.30%(127 cases). Logistic regression analysis revealed that family relationships (OR=1.766), parenting style (OR=3.420), and self-evaluation of physical health (OR=0.260, 0.161, 0.077) were significant factors influencing the detection of emotional and behavioral problems (all P< 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems among primary and secondary school students in the county is at an intermediate level compared to similar studies, indicating that students in this county may face non-negligible potential emotional and behavioral issues.

Objective To understand the influencing factors related to hepatitis C treatment among methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) clinic patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody positivity, and to provide a basis for formulating effective intervention measures. Methods Using MMT clinics as the research site, a convenient sampling method was used to collect information from HCV antibody-positive individuals in MMT clinics, and their hepatitis C treatment status and influencing factors were analyzed. Results A total of 354 individuals were surveyed, with 334 cases (94.35%) aged 40 and above; 307 cases (86.72%) were male; 351 Han Chinese (99.15%); 194 unemployed individuals (54.80%); 284 with junior high school education or below (80.23%); 176 married or cohabiting (49.72%); and 259 non-single-living individuals (73.16%). 130 cases (36.72%) had received nucleic acid testing for hepatitis C virus, and 110 cases (31.07%) had received anti-HCV treatment. Logistic regression analysis results show that HCV antibody positive patients with a history of alcoholism (OR=2.587), family members aware of the illness (OR=10.644), family members encouraging treatment (OR=2.504), better awareness of hepatitis C knowledge (OR=1.919), having received nucleic acid testing for hepatitis C virus (OR=2.857), and having medical insurance (OR=2.995) were more likely to receive anti-HCV treatment; individuals with HCV antibody positivity engaged in "other" occupations (OR=0.362) have a lower probability of receiving anti-HCV treatment. Conclusion sIn Guangdong Province, the proportion of HCV antibody-positive individuals receiving anti-HCV treatment in MMT clinics is relatively low. To address this issue, the following measures are recommended: strengthen health education to improve patients' awareness of hepatitis C; encourage family involvement in patients' health management and provide necessary support; meanwhile, healthcare institutions should offer accessible nucleic acid testing services to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment for patients.

Objective To explore the safety of an inactivated enterovirus 71 vaccine in healthy people aged 6 months to 49 years. Methods A single-central, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase I clinical trial was conducted. Adult, adolescent, pediatric, and infant participants in Guangxi zhuang autonomous region were recruited. According to age and dose, participants were randomly divided into the low-dose experimental vaccine group, the high-dose experimental vaccine group, and the placebo-controlled group. Adverse events within 28 days and serious adverse events within 6 months after each dose of vaccine were observed and statistically analyzed. Results 1. A total of 200 subjects were recruited in this study (80 cases in the low-dose group, 80 cases in the high-dose group, and 40 cases in the placebo group), with a completion rate of 98.50% (100.00% in the low-dose group, 96.25% in the high-dose group, and 100.00% in the placebo group). 2. A total of 90 participants (45.00%) experienced 206 adverse events (AEs), including 1 vaccination-related AE leading to withdrawal and 1 vaccination-unrelated serious AE. 3. Systemic solicited adverse reactions occurred in 25 participants (12.50%) with 38 events, primarily manifesting as fever. Local solicited adverse reactions were reported in 19 participants (9.50%) with 23 events, predominantly characterized by pain and tenderness. Unsolicited adverse reactions occurred in 23 participants (11.50%) with 44 events, mainly upper respiratory tract infections. 4. The severity of adverse reactions was predominantly Grade 1 and Grade 2, with incidence rates of 17.50% and 10.50%, respectively, primarily presenting as fever and injection site pain. Three participants (1.50%) experienced Grade 3 adverse reactions, including fever and upper respiratory tract infections. Conclusion The EV71 investigational vaccine demonstrated a favorable safety profile in healthy individuals aged 6 months to 49 years.

Objective To investigate the microbial contamination levels and the contents of metals, fats, and trans fatty acids in ready-to-drink coffee beverages sold in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, and to provide references for regulatory oversight. Methods A total of 30 ready-to-drink coffee beverage samples were collected and tested for total bacterial count, coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, mold, ochratoxin A, fats, trans fatty acids, and metal contents (lead, chromium, cadmium, total mercury, total arsenic, and aluminum). Results The overall exceedance rate of reference values in the samples was 20% (6/30), with exceedances observed in total bacterial count, coliforms, and molds. Metals were detected at varying levels but all at low concentrations. Trans fatty acid content was ≤0.3 mg/100 g in all samples. The average fat content was 1.9 g/100mL, with higher levels found in coconut latte, cheese/cream latte, and thick milk latte. Conclusion sThe microbial contamination levels in ready-to-drink coffee beverages in Yuexiu District, Guangzhou, in 2024 were controllable. The contents of metals and trans fatty acids were low, posing minimal health risks. However, the additional fat intake from consuming such beverages and its associated health risks should be noted.