Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate the status of eyesight dysfunction (ED) and analyze the visionrelated behaviors between migrant and local students in primary and middle schools in Shenzhen.MethodsA schoolbased crosssectional, stratifiedcluster sampling was conducted in 6 public schools and 6 migrant children schools in Baoan District, Shenzhen. Students from the private migrant primary schools and the urban public schools in grades 3 to 9 were selected. All eligible participants finished questionnaires and implemented eye examination. Multilevel logistic regression models were conducted to analyze data.ResultsA total of 9 519 students were surveyed and their average age was (11.98 ± 1.95) years. Of them, 5 442 were male and 4 077, female; 4 428 (46.5%) were migrant and 5 091 (53.5%), local. There was statistical significance between the average ages of the tow group students (P< 0.01). Prevalence of ED was 57.24%（2 914/5 091）for the local students and 50.52% for the migrants（2 237/4 428）(P<0.01). The multilevel model analysis showed that the incidences of doing homework, reading books for over 1 h/d, continuously reading/writing for over 30 min, studying in classroom during the breaks for over 3 t/d, sleeping time less than 9 h/d and doing physical activities less than 1 h/d on workdays in migrant group were lower than the counterparts (OR: 0 .44, 0.49, 0.55, 0.60, 0.62, 0.55, 0.69). The incidences of watching TV/operating computer/playing mobile phone for over 1 h/d, continuously playing mobile phone for over 30 min, resting in classroom for less than 3 t/d,doing eye relaxation exercise less than 3 t/d and sleeping time less than 9 h/d on weekends and holidays among migrants were higher than the locals (OR: 1.34, 1.20, 1.34, 1.14, 1.21, 1.17, 3.52). ConclusionLocal students have worse vision than migrant ones, which indicates that specific measures should be addressed to the targeted group for prevention and control of ED.