安徽省庐江地区慢性病患者共病现状调查

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2024.0490

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨庐江地区慢性病患者共病现状,为优化慢性病患者共病和控制慢性病共病的发生和发展提供参考。方法对2021年1月至2023年12月庐江地区3所医院就诊的慢性病患者进行调查分析,包括性别、年龄等一般人口学信息、运动情况、睡眠时间等,采用潜在类别识别分析慢性病共病模式,无序多因素logistic回归分析慢性病共病模式的影响因素。结果潜在类别分析将17种慢性病确定为5个类别,其中心血管代谢性疾病共病组1 335例（27.24%）,非特异性共病组1 719例（35.09%）,胃/风湿关节炎共病组866例（17.69%）,相对健康组497例（10.17%）,呼吸系统疾病共病组481例（9.81%）。无序多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄较大（OR=2.590）、BMI较大（OR=1.579）、吸烟史（OR=4.655）、饮酒史（OR=3.108）、慢性病家族史（OR=2.815）、每天服药4种及以上（OR=4.581）是心血管代谢性疾病共病的独立影响因素（P<0.05）,睡眠时间>6 h（OR=0.562）、运动频繁（OR=0.443）是心血管代谢性疾病共病的保护因素（P<0.05）。饮酒史（OR=3.497）、慢性病家族史（OR=3.765）是非特异性共病的独立影响因素（P<0.05）;年龄较大（OR=4.599）、饮酒史（OR=6.619）、每天服药4种及以上（OR=6.475）是胃/风湿关节炎共病的独立影响因素（P<0.05）;年龄较大（OR=2.685）、吸烟史（OR=2.832）及慢性病家族史（OR=2.787）是呼吸系统疾病共病的独立影响因素（P<0.05）。结论庐江地区慢性病患者普遍存在共病情况,慢性病共病以心血管代谢性疾病共病最高,且年龄、BMI、吸烟史、有慢性病家族史、睡眠时间、服药种类、运动频次与慢性病共病相关,建议有关部门加强对以上人群的慢性病防控。

关键词: 慢性病共病, 患病率, 现况调查, 因素分析

Abstract: Objective To explore the current situation of comorbidities of chronic diseases in Lujiang region,and to provide the reference for optimizing the management of comorbidities of chronic diseases and controlling the occurrence and progression of chronic diseases. Methods A survey and analysis were conducted on chronic disease patients who visited three hospitals in the Lujiang region from January 2021 to December 2023,including general demographic information such as gender and age,exercise status,sleep time,etc. Potential category recognition was used to analyze the comorbidity patterns of chronic diseases,and disordered multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of the comorbidity patterns of chronic diseases. Results Potential category analysis identified 17 chronic diseases into five categories,of which 1 335 cases （27.24%） were cardiovascular metabolic disease comorbidities,1 719 cases （35.09%） were non-specific comorbidities,866 cases （17.69%） were gastric/rheumatoid arthritis comorbidities,497 cases （10.17%） were relatively healthy,and 481 cases （9.81%） were respiratory disease comorbidities. The results of disordered multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that higher age （OR=2.590）,higher BMI （OR=1.579）,smoking history （OR=4.655）,drinking history （OR=3.108）,family history of chronic diseases （OR=2.815）,and taking four or more medications daily （OR=4.581） were independent influencing factors for cardiovascular metabolic disease comorbidities （P<0.05）,while sleep time>6 hours （OR=0.562） and more exercise （OR=0.443） were protective factors （P<0.05）. Drinking history （OR=3.497） and family history of chronic diseases （OR=3.765） were independent influencing factors for non-specific comorbidities （P<0.05）. Higher age （OR=4.599）,drinking history （OR=6.619）,and taking four or more medications daily （OR=6.475） were independent influencing factors for gastric/rheumatoid arthritis comorbidities （P<0.05）. Higher age （OR=2.685）,smoking history （OR=2.832）,and family history of chronic diseases （OR=2.787） were independent influencing factors for respiratory disease comorbidities （P<0.05）. Conclusions In the Lujiang region,chronic disease patients generally have comorbidities,with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases being the most prevalent. Factors such as age,BMI,smoking history,family history of chronic diseases,sleep time,types of medication,and exercise frequency are associated with chronic disease comorbidities. It is recommended that relevant departments enhance the prevention and control of chronic diseases in these specific groups.

Key words: Chronic disease comorbidity, Prevalence rate, Investigation of current situation, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R195

吴璇, 彭婧, 杨铭, 王守军, 夏明明. 安徽省庐江地区慢性病患者共病现状调查[J]. 华南预防医学, 2024, 50(6): 490-496.

WU Xuan, PENG Jing, YANG Ming, WANG Shoujun, XIA Mingming. Investigation on comorbidities of chronic diseases in Lujiang region,Anhui Province[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2024, 50(6): 490-496.

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