关键词: 冠状动脉狭窄, 青年人群, 心血管疾病高危人群, 冠状动脉CT血管造影, 心肌酶异常

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of coronary artery stenosis in a young adult population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on young adults aged 18-44 years who underwent physical examinations at our hospital's health examination center between November 2023 and September 2024. Individuals identified as being at high risk for cardiovascular disease, according to established screening criteria, were selected for supplementary examinations, including cardiac enzyme analysis and coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). A questionnaire was administered to collect data on general characteristics, lifestyle, and behavioral factors. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify independent risk factors for coronary artery stenosis. Results A total of 3 341 young adults were surveyed, from which 915 individuals (27.39%) were classified as being at high risk for cardiovascular disease. Among the high-risk group, 389 cases (11.64%) exhibited abnormal cardiac enzyme levels. The overall prevalence of coronary artery stenosis was 3.83% (128 cases), with mild stenosis being the predominant finding, accounting for 72.66% (93/128) of these cases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that sex (OR=1.379), age (OR=1.786), hyperlipidemia (OR=2.502), hypertension (OR=1.384), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.602), abdominal obesity (OR=1.439), high occupational stress (OR=2.065), smoking (OR=1.493), excessive salt intake (OR=1.335), regular physical exercise (OR=0.689), frequent nocturnal activity (OR=2.866), insufficient sleep (OR=1.401), and sedentary behavior (OR=1.520) were independently associated with the detection rate of coronary artery stenosis in this young adult population (all P<0.05). Conclusion The occurrence of coronary artery stenosis in young adults is multifactorial and significantly associated with a range of demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors. Male sex, advancing age, abdominal obesity, various chronic diseases, as well as lifestyle behaviors such as frequent nocturnal activity, high occupational stress, insufficient sleep, and sedentary habits are all correlated with an elevated risk of coronary artery stenosis. From a clinical health management perspective, it is imperative to enhance chronic disease management, promote dietary modification, and encourage lifestyle adjustments targeting these identified factors to mitigate the incidence risk.

Key words: Coronary artery stenosis, Young adults, High-risk population for cardiovascular disease, Coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), Abnormal myocardial enzymes