关键词: 儿童, 支气管哮喘, 过敏, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the influencing factors of bronchial asthma in children aged 6 - 14. Methods A total of 6-14 years old children with bronchial asthma （observation group） and healthy children （control group） and their parents were investigated in a hospital of Zhengzhou City in 2019. The BMI, family history of asthma, pet keeping, carpet use at home, family smoking, indoor living environment, personal history of food allergy and history of upper respiratory tract infection of the two groups were compared and analyzed. Results A total of 176 children with bronchial asthma and 473 healthy children were investigated. In the observation group, male and female accounted for 54.55% and 45.45%, respectively; while the control group accounted for 59.41% and 40.59%, respectively. There were no significant differences in age and gender composition distribution between the two groups （P > 0.05）. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that 6-14 years old children with overweight, obesity （OR=3.537, 2.956）, family history of asthma （OR=4.536）, family smoking （OR=3.764）, indoor living environment （OR=3.679）, personal history of food allergy （OR=4.403） and history of upper respiratory tract infection （OR= 7.043） had a higher risk of bronchial asthma. Conclusion Family history of asthma and obesity are closely related to the onset of bronchial asthma. Personal history of food allergy and history of upper respiratory tract infection are high risk factors for bronchial asthma in children. Family smoking and living environment are the triggers for bronchial asthma. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of risk factors, and stay away from allergens and triggers of asthma can reduce the incidence of bronchial asthma in children.

Key words: Children, Bronchial asthma, Allergy, Influencing factor