四川省泸州市纯母乳喂养现状及其影响因素分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2020.0494

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解纯母乳喂养现状,分析影响纯母乳喂养的因素,为提高纯母乳喂养率提供理论依据。方法以2019年4—6月在泸州市某医科大学附属医院、附属中医院和泸州市人民医院分娩活产儿的产妇为研究对象,在产后6个月时进行问卷调查,内容包括基本信息、婴儿6个月内喂养情况及相关信息,采用描述流行病学方法对纯母乳喂养现状进行描述,并采用单、多因素分析方法对纯母乳喂养的影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共调查泸州市448名产后6个月的新生儿母亲。产妇年龄19~46岁,以26~35岁为主,占56.7%,文化程度以大专及以上为主,占94.8%,所在地以城市为主,占95.8%,以初产妇为主,占58.3%。纯母乳喂养率为61.16%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄大（OR=0.548、0.453）、乳头凹陷或扁平（OR=0.386）、产后抑郁情绪（OR=0.556）、睡眠质量差（OR=0.557）的产妇纯母乳喂养的可能性较低。婴儿出生后1 h内进行了母乳喂养（OR=2.375）、家人尤其是丈夫支持母乳喂养（OR=7.050）、孕期参加产前健康教育等知识讲座（OR=1.578）的产妇纯母乳喂养的可能性较高。结论泸州市纯母乳喂养现状较好,影响纯母乳喂养的因素较多,可根据当地产妇特点制定相应干预措施,提升纯母乳喂养率。

关键词: 母乳喂养, 影响因素, 母婴健康

Abstract: Objective To analyze the status and influencing factors of exclusive breastfeeding, and to provide theoretical basis for improving the rate of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods Pregnant women who gave birth to live babies in the Affiliated Hospital of a medical university and People's Hospital of Luzhou City from April to June in 2019 were selected. The questionnaire survey was conducted at 6 months after delivery, including basic information, feeding status within 6 months and related information. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to describe the status of exclusive breastfeeding and univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze the influencing factors. Results A total of 448 mothers of 6-month-old newborns aged 19-46 in Luzhou City were investigated. The age of 26-35 years old, college education or above, urban citizen and primipara accounted for 56.7%, 94.8%, 95.8% and 58.3%, respectively. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding was 61.16%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that mothers with older age（OR=0.548, 0.453）, sunken or flattened nipples （OR=0.386）, postpartum depression （OR=0.556）, and poor sleep quality （OR=0.557） were less likely to exclusive breastfeed. The mothers who breastfed within 1 hour after birth （OR=2.375）, family members, especially husband who supported breastfeeding （OR=7.050）, and participated in prenatal health education during pregnancy （OR=1.578） were more likely to exclusive breastfeed. Conclusion The status of exclusive breastfeeding in Luzhou City is good, and there are many influencing factors. We can formulate corresponding intervention measures according to the characteristics of local mothers, so as to improve the rate of exclusive breastfeeding.

Key words: Exclusive breastfeeding, Influencing factor, Maternal and child health

中图分类号:

R153.2

张青, 李世珍, 刘青锋, 邓丽, 车杨熠, 肖建磊. 四川省泸州市纯母乳喂养现状及其影响因素分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2020, 46(5): 494-497.

ZHANG Qing, LI Shi-zhen, LIU Qing-feng, DENG Li, CHE Yang-yi, XIAO Jian-lei. Status and influencing factors of exclusive breastfeeding in Luzhou City, Sichuan Province[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2020, 46(5): 494-497.

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