郑州市原发性高血压患者用药依从性及其影响因素分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2021.0469

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解原发性高血压患者用药依从性现状并分析其影响因素。方法以郑州市各医院就诊的原发性高血压患者为研究对象,于2019年4—10月采用方便抽样的方法在公立医院开展原发性高血压患者用服药依从性情况调查,采用描述流行病学分析方法对服药依从性进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对服药依从性影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共对3 138例高血压患者进行调查,年龄45~80岁,平均（68.93±9.39）岁。男性占58.4%,高血压病程5~10年者占43.8%,服用≥3种药物者占25.8%,78.4%无药物不良反应。服药依从性良好者1 621例,占51.7%,1 517例服药依从性不佳,占48.3%。服药依从性不佳的原因中主要为有忘记服药经历（46.4%）、有时不注意服药（24.6%）,自觉症状改善时停药占22.9%,当自觉症状更坏时停药占6.0%。本科及以上文化程度（OR=1.976）、家庭月收入越高（OR=3.543）、医疗费用支付方式为医保（OR=1.522）的原发性高血压患者服药依从性良好的可能性较大,独居（OR=0.305）、服药种类越多（OR=0.694）的高血压患者服药依从性良好的可能性较小。结论郑州市原发性高血压患者服药依从性较差,文化程度、经济情况、独居、医疗费用支付方式、服药种类是服药依从性不佳的影响因素。

关键词: 高血压, 药物治疗, 服药依从性, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of medication compliance in patients with essential hypertension, and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods Taking patients with essential hypertension in hospitals in Zhengzhou as the research objects, a convenient sampling method was used to carry out a survey on the medication compliance of patients with essential hypertension in public hospitals from April to October 2019. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze medication compliance, and univariate and multivariate analysis method was used to analyze its influencing factors. Results A total of 3 138 hypertensive patients were investigated, aged 45-80 years old, with an average ageof （68.93±9.39） years. Males accounted for 58.4%, those with hypertension for 5-10 years accounted for 43.8%, those who took ≥3 kinds of drugs accounted for 25.8%, and 78.4% had no adverse drug reactions. There were 1 621 cases with good medication compliance, accounting for 51.7%, and 1 517 cases with poor medication compliance, accounting for 48.3%. The main reasons for poor medication compliance were forgetting the medication experience （46.4%）, sometimes not taking medication （24.6%）, discontinuing medication when symptoms improved accounted for 22.9%, and stopping medication when symptoms became worse accounted for 6.0%. The essential hypertensive patients with bachelor degree or above （OR=1.976）, higher family monthly income （OR=3.543） and medical insurance payment （OR=1.522） were more likely to have good medication compliance, while the patients living alone （OR=0.305） and more types of medication （OR=0.694） were less likely to have good medication compliance. Conclusion The medication compliance of patients with essential hypertension in Zhengzhou is poor. Education level, economic situation, living alone, medical expenses payment method and medication type are the influencing factors of poor medication compliance.

Key words: Hypertension, Medication, Medication compliance, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R195

李科, 刘彦娜, 蒋玲. 郑州市原发性高血压患者用药依从性及其影响因素分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2021, 47(4): 469-472.

LI Ke, LIU Yan-na, JIANG Ling. Medication compliance and its influencing factors in patients with essential hypertension in Zhengzhou[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2021, 47(4): 469-472.

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