惠州市62例新型冠状病毒肺炎确诊病例的流行病学特征分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2021.0596

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析惠州市新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）确诊病例的流行病学特征,为疫情防控提供科学依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法,收集2020年1月19日至5月31日惠州市中心人民医院收治的62例COVID-19确诊患者资料,分析其流行病学特征、新冠病毒核酸检测结果和住院相关情况。结果惠州市确诊病例发病集中在2020年1月20日至2月18日,惠东县29例、惠城区17例、惠阳区11例、博罗县5例。轻型22例、普通型37例和重型3例,无危重型病例。男女比例为1∶1,发病年龄为1~85岁,中位数为46（36,60）岁。有明确湖北旅居史55例（88.71%）,无明确接触史3例（4.84%）。未出现本地病例,主要以湖北省输入性病例（55例）为主,并且多为家族聚集性病例（45例）。经两两比较,重型病例住院天数长于轻型和普通型病例（P<0.05）;不同临床分型病例的发病年龄和核酸首次转阴所需天数的差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。9例（14.52%）病例在出院6~15 d内出现复阳现象,复阳病例第2次入院核酸转阴间隔时间较首次入院核酸转阴间隔时间短（P<0.05）。结论惠州市COVID-19以湖北省输入性和家庭聚集性为主,主要分布在惠东县。病例以轻型和普通型为主,住院天数与病情严重程度相关。

关键词: 新型冠状病毒肺炎, 流行病学特征, 核酸检测, 复阳现象

Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Huizhou City, so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of the epidemic. Methods A retrospective study was conducted to collect the data of 62 confirmed cases of COVID-19 who were admitted to Huizhou Central People's Hospital from January 19 to May 31, 2020, and the epidemiological characteristics, results of COVID-19 nucleic acid testing and hospitalization related conditions were analyzed. Results The onset of confirmed cases in Huizhou was concentrated on January 20 to February 18, 2020. The distribution of confirmed cases was 29 in Huidong County ,17 in Huicheng District, 11 in Huiyang District and 5 in Boluo County. There were 22 cases of mild type, 37 cases of common type and 3 cases of severe type, no critical severe cases. Among those cases, male to female ratio was 1∶1, aged 1-85 years old, the median of age was 46 （36, 60） years. Fifty-five cases （88.71%） had the history of travel or residence in Hubei Province, 3 cases （4.84%） had no clear contact history. No local cases were found, and most of cases were imported from Hubei Province （55 cases）, mainly were family clustering cases （45 cases）. The hospitalization days in severe cases were longer than those in mild and common cases （P<0.05）; there were no significant differences in onset ages and the first negative days of COVID-19 nucleic acid testing between the clinical classification （P>0.05）. Nine cases （14.52%） were re-positive within 6-15 days after discharge. The second time of nucleic acid conversion was shorter than that of the first time （P<0.05）. Conclusion The COVID-19 cases in Huizhou City are mainly imported from Hubei Province and clustered by families, mainly distribute in Huidong County. Cases are mainly mild and common types, the hospitalization days were related to the severity of illness.

Key words: COVID-19, Epidemiological characteristic, Nucleic acid testing, Re-positive phenomenon

中图分类号:

R183.3

邓慧怡, 张卫平, 张玲, 李妍, 周仕丹, 彭莉利, 刘春来. 惠州市62例新型冠状病毒肺炎确诊病例的流行病学特征分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2021, 47(5): 596-599.

DENG Hui-yi, ZHANG Wei-ping, ZHANG Ling, LI Yan, ZHOU Shi-dan, PENG Li-li, LIU Chun-lai. Epidemiological characteristics of 62 confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Huizhou[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2021, 47(5): 596-599.

参考文献 18

[1]	World Health Organization.Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)[EB/OL].(2020-02-11)[2020-06-01].https://www.who.int/zh/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.
[2]	国家卫生健康委员会.截止5月31日24时新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情最新情况[EB/OL]. (2020-06-01)[2020-06-01].http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2020-06/01/content_5516405.htm.
[3]	张申.5月31日全球疫情观察:欧洲累计确诊人数超200万 52国确诊病例过万[EB/OL]. (2020-05-31)[2020-06-01].https://news.sina.com.cn/w/2020-05-31/doc-iircuyvi6006842.shtml.
[4]	国家卫生健康委员会,国家中医药管理局办公室.新型冠状病毒肺炎诊疗方案(试行第七版)[EB/OL].(2020-03-04)[2020-06-01].http://www.nhc.gov.cn/yzyg j/s7653p/202003/46c9294a7 dfe4cef80 dc7f5912eb1989.shtml.
[5]	王安平.全国新确诊病例首次“零新增”！出现“复阳”患者应该怎么办?[EB/OL]. (2020-05-23)[2020-06-01].https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?src=11&timestamp=1601476584&ver=2616&signature=vJ2AzSuNimd3OscxeJkH4A7InEhbRfyibKugg 7ccu7fkBbN11pVSFOIkoTZYJfiCAY2-cpt6qne1MEMmFX5-ptxsho-QmFZm7vwHox3uBPxdgC4hLvqkTvhIln-37b&new=1.
[6]	Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, et al.Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China[J]. N Engl J Med, 2020,382(18):1708-1720.
[7]	甘虹,张一,袁敏,等.1 052例新型冠状病毒肺炎聚集性病例流行病学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2020,41(5):E027.
[8]	Chan JF,Yuan S,Kok KH, et al.A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster[J]. Lancet,2020,395(10223):514-523.
[9]	刘卫,朱韩武,刘勋,等.新型冠状病毒肺炎家庭聚集性疫情传染源和传播链调查分析[J].华南预防医学,2020,46(5):506-510.
[10]	李陈晨,马倩倩,殷环,等.河南省新型冠状病毒肺炎高发区流行病学特征及防控分析[J].武汉大学学报(医学版),2020,41(4):521-528.
[11]	中国疾病预防控制中心.新型冠状病毒肺炎流行病学特征分析[J].中华流行病学杂志, 2020,41(2) :145-151.
[12]	Chen NS, Zhou M, Dong X, et al.Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study[J]. Lancet, 2020, 395(10223):507-513.
[13]	曾金彩, 黄淑芬, 邓小玲,等. COVID-19出院患者“复阳”情况及原因分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2020, 46(5): 514-518.
[14]	Xu XW, Wu XX, Jiang XG, et al.Clinical findings in a group of patients infected with the 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) outside of Wuhan, China: retrospective case series[J]. BMJ, 2020, 368:m606.
[15]	Lan L, Xu D, Ye G, et al.Positive RT-PCR test results in patients recovered from COVID-19[J]. JAMA, 2020,323(15): 1502-1503.
[16]	南方网.广东省政府新闻办疫情防控第三十一场新闻发布会[EB/OL]. (2020-02-25)[2020-06-01].http: / /gdio.southcn.com /g /2020 02 /25 /content_190429333.htm.
[17]	李游江,胡瑛瑛,张晓东,等.七例普通型2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)出院患者病毒核酸随访结果[J].浙江大学学报(医学版),2020,49(2): 270-274.
[18]	罗纯,温学良,谭颖,等.广州地区新型冠状病毒肺炎出院病例核酸再次阳性的临床特征[J].广东医学,2020,41(13): 1297-1301.