关键词: 围产儿, 出生缺陷, 发生率, 预防

Abstract: Objective To understand the current situation of birth defects in Qingdao from 2017 to 2019, and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Collect perinatal information from the 28th week of gestation to 7 days after birth in the birth defects monitoring system in Qingdao from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019, and use descriptive analysis Methods to analyze the occurrence of birth defects and their influencing factors. Results The birth data of 14 monitoring hospitals in Qingdao from 2017 to 2019 were collected. During the three years, there were 20 300, 14 916 and 14 592 perinatal infants, a total of 49 808. Among them, 1 236 cases of birth defects were reported, and the incidence rate of birth defects was 24.82‰. There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of birth defects in different years. The top 3 birth defects were congenital heart disease, polydactyly, and cleft lip and palate, accounting for 19.7%, 18.1% and 16.9%, respectively. The top 3 birth defects accounted for 54.7% of all birth defects, and the order varies from year to year. The risk of birth defects in the parturient aged <20 years （OR = 1.193） or ≥35 years （OR = 1.236） was higher, and the risk of birth defects was lower in the primipara （OR = 0.871）. Conclusion The birth defects rate of newborns in Qingdao is lower than the national average, and the trend of changes has been steady in recent years. The top 3 types of birth defects are congenital heart disease, polydactyly, and cleft lip and palate. The main factors affecting the birth defects of perinatal infants in this area are genetic factors and parturient age. It is recommended to strengthen pre-pregnancy and pre-natal health care for parturient in the region, do a good job in eugenics, and improve the quality of the population.

Key words: Perinatal infant, Birth defect, Incidence, Prevention