合肥市6月龄婴儿纯母乳喂养现状及影响因素研究

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2021.1405

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查合肥市6月龄婴儿喂养现状并研究纯乳母喂养影响因素,为提高纯母乳喂养行为提供科学依据。方法以2020年1—10月在合肥某医院产科分娩的单胎活产儿及其母亲为研究对象,在婴儿出生后满6个月时通过医院分娩记录获取其母亲/父亲联系方式对婴儿母亲进行6月龄婴儿喂养现状及影响因素调查,采用描述性流行病学分析方法对6月龄婴儿喂养现状进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对纯母乳喂养影响因素进行分析。结果共2 537名婴儿纳入研究,纯母乳喂养724例,占28.54%,优势母乳喂养298例,占11.75%,补充喂养356例,占14.03%,母乳喂养819例,占32.28%,奶瓶喂养340例,占13.40%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示婴儿母亲年龄越大（OR=0.441）、婴儿母亲乳头凹陷/扁平（OR=0.360）、婴儿母亲开奶时间≥30 min（OR=0.431）的6月龄婴儿纯母乳喂养可能性较小,婴儿母亲学历越高（OR=2.499）、职业为事业单位工作人员（OR=1.806）、个体经营者（OR=1.730）、农民/无业者（OR=2.018）、婴儿父母支持母乳喂养（OR=2.392）的6月龄婴儿纯母乳喂养可能性较大。结论合肥市6月龄婴儿纯母乳喂养率低,其受到母亲年龄、学历、职业、乳头凹陷/扁平、开奶时间以及父亲是否支持母乳喂养等多种因素影响,应当针对现状及影响因素加强纯母乳喂养知识宣教及干预措施,改善该地区婴儿母乳喂养情况。

关键词: 婴儿, 喂养现状, 纯母乳喂养, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of exclusive breastfeeding of 6-month-old infants in Hefei and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide scientific basis for improving the behavior of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods Singleton live births delivered in the obstetrics department of a hospital in Hefei from January to October 2020 and their mothers were selected as the research object. At the age of 6 months after birth, the contact information of mother / father was obtained through hospital delivery records. The feeding status and influencing factors of 6-month-old infants were investigated. The feeding status of 6-month-old infants was analyzed by descriptive epidemiological analysis method, and the influencing factors of exclusive breastfeeding were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results A total of 2 537 infants were included in the study. There were 724 cases of exclusive breastfeeding, accounting for 28.54%, 298 cases of dominant breastfeeding, accounting for 11.75%, 356 cases of supplementary feeding, accounting for 14.03%, 819 cases of breastfeeding, accounting for 32.28%, and 340 cases of bottle feeding, accounting for 13.40%.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the older the infant mother was （OR=0.441）, the depressed / flat nipple of the infant mother （OR=0.360）, and the milk opening time of the infant mother was ≥ 30 min （OR=0.431）, the possibility of exclusive breastfeeding of 6-month-old infants was less. The higher the educational background of the infant's mother （OR=2.499）, the occupation of public institution staff （OR=1.806）, the individual operator （OR=1.730）, the farmer / unemployed （OR=2.018）, and the infant's parents support breastfeeding （OR=2.392）, the possibility of exclusive breastfeeding of 6-month-old infants was higher. Conclusion The rate of exclusive breastfeeding of 6-month-old infants in Hefei is low, and it is affected by many factors such as mother's age, education, occupation, nipple depression/flat, milk opening time and whether father supports breastfeeding. According to the current situation and influencing factors, we should strengthen the education and intervention measures of exclusive breastfeeding to improve the situation of infant breastfeeding in this area.

Key words: Infant, Feeding status, Exclusive breastfeeding, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R174

吴小云, 陆彩云, 房娣萍. 合肥市6月龄婴儿纯母乳喂养现状及影响因素研究[J]. 华南预防医学, 2021, 47(11): 1405-1409.

WU Xiao-yun, LU Cai-yun, FANG Di-ping. Status and influencing factors of exclusive breastfeeding of 6-month-old infants in Hefei[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2021, 47(11): 1405-1409.

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