泸州地区育龄妇女叶酸增补依从性及其影响因素

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2022.0190

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查泸州地区育龄妇女叶酸增补依从性及其影响因素,为制定增补叶酸干预措施提供科学依据。方法于2020年6月至12月期间,采用方便抽样法选取四川省泸州市江阳区、纳溪区及泸县等7个县区共计38个乡镇或社区卫服务中心招募携带1岁及以内儿童接种疫苗的儿童母亲作为调查对象进行《育龄妇女叶酸知晓及叶酸服用情况》问卷调查,采用描述性分析方法对结果进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对叶酸增补依从性影响因素进行分析。结果 709名育龄妇女年龄20~47岁,平均年龄（32.09±6.51）岁。有307名（43.30%）进行孕前优生健康检查。84.76%调查对象曾服用过叶酸,32.02%正确知晓叶酸增补目的,而孕前3个月至孕早期3个月规范服用叶酸者仅占19.46%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,大专及以上文化程度（OR=2.158）、家庭月收入>3 000元（OR=2.502）、机关事业单位职工（OR=3.543）、企业工作人员（OR=2.776）、生育2次（OR=1.793）和≥3次（OR=2.504）、孕前有进行优生健康检查（OR=4.586）、叶酸知识知晓（OR=8.499）的泸州地区育龄妇女对叶酸规范服用率更高。结论泸州地区育龄妇女的叶酸知晓和孕前叶酸规范服用率均较低,应针对重点人群增强叶酸预防神经管缺陷的认知,加强叶酸增补健康知识的宣传教育,从而提高孕前叶酸增补依从性。

关键词: 育龄女性, 叶酸, 服用依从性, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the compliance of folic acid supplementation and its influencing factors among women of childbearing age in Luzhou City, and to provide scientific basis for formulating the intervention measures of folic acid supplementation. Methods From June to December 2020, a total of 38 townships or community health service centers in 7 counties and districts including Jiangyang District, Naxi District and Luxian in Luzhou City, Sichuan Province were selected by convenience sampling method to recruit children aged 1 year or younger. The mothers of children who were vaccinated were taken as the survey subjects to conduct a questionnaire survey on “Folic Acid Awareness and Folic Acid Consumption in Women of Childbearing Age”. The results were analyzed by descriptive analysis method, and the influencing factors of folic acid supplementation compliance were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results The age of 709 women of childbearing age was 20-47 years old, with an average age of （32.09±6.51） years. A total of 307 women （43.30%） had pre-pregnancy eugenic health check. Among the respondents, 84.76% had taken folic acid, and 32.02% correctly knew the purpose of folic acid supplementation, while the standard use of folic acid from the 3 months before pregnancy to the first 3 months of pregnancy only accounted for 19.46%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the educational level of college or above （OR=2.158）, the monthly family income >3 000 yuan （OR=2.502）, the employees of government agencies and institutions （OR=3.543）, and the staff of enterprises （OR=2.776）, childbirth twice （OR=1.793） and ≥ 3 times （OR=2.504）, the pre-pregnancy eugenic health check （OR=4.586）, and the awareness of folic acid knowledge （OR=8.499） were promoting factors for compliance of folic acid supplementation among women of childbearing age in Luzhou. Conclusion The awareness of folic acid and the compliance rate of folic acid supplementation before pregnancy are low in women of childbearing age. Strengthening the awareness of folic acid preventing neural tube defects and the publicity and education of folic acid supplement health knowledge are useful to improve the compliance of folic acid supplement before pregnancy.

Key words: Woman of childbearing age, Folic acid, Medication compliance, Influence factor

中图分类号:

R715.3

杨敏, 邱敏, 李孟秋. 泸州地区育龄妇女叶酸增补依从性及其影响因素[J]. 华南预防医学, 2022, 48(2): 190-194.

YANG Min, QIU Min, LI Meng-qiu. Compliance and influencing factors of folic acid supplementation among women of childbearing age in Luzhou[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 48(2): 190-194.

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