关键词: 结直肠癌, 流行特征, 肠道, 菌群分布

Abstract: Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and intestinal flora distribution characteristics of newly diagnosed colorectal cancer in Pingdingshan City. Methods Newly diagnosed colorectal cancer cases admitted to a hospital in Pingdingshan City from January 2020 to June 2021 were selected as the research subjects （case group）, and physical examination persons at a ratio of 1∶1 during the same period with the same age ± 0.5 years and the same gender in the same hospital were selected as the healthy controls （control group）. Data were collected from the two groups of subjects and feces were collected for the detection of intestinal flora. Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the characteristics of newly diagnosed colorectal cancer cases, and comparative analysis method was used to compare the distribution and quantity of the main intestinal flora between the two groups. Results A total of 141 newly diagnosed colorectal cancer cases and 141 healthy subjects were included in this study. In the case group, there were 83 males and 58 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.4∶1, the age of the cases ranged from 34 to 81 years old, with an average of （53.21±7.24） years old, the proportion of patients aged 50-59 years was the highest, and the cases of Han nationality accounted for 88.65%. Among them, 39.72% had junior high school education or below, most of the lesions were in the rectum （51.77%）, and the most cases were clinical stage Ⅱ （63.83%）. The age of the control group was 35-81 years old, with an average of （54.01±7.68） years old, 83 males and 58 females. There was no significant difference in the mean age and gender distribution between the case group and the control group （both P>0.05）. Compared with the control group, the number of Lactobacillus, Peptococcus, Yeast, and Bifidobacterium in newly diagnosed colorectal cancer cases decreased significantly, while the number of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus, and Staphylococcus increased significantly, and the differences were statistically significant （all P<0.01）. There were significant differences in the distribution of intestinal flora in patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer at different clinical stages （P<0.01 or P<0.05）, the number of Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Yeast and Bifidobacterium in patients with stage III was less, and the number of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus and Staphylococcus was more. Conclusion Patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer in Pingdingshan City have certain epidemiological characteristics,males are more than females, patients aged 50-59 are the majority, and lesions are more common in the rectum, there is intestinal flora imbalance. Effective prevention and treatment measures should be taken according to the epidemiological characteristics and flora distribution characteristics to reduce the incidence of postoperative intestinal obstruction and promote patients to obtain good prognosis.

Key words: Colorectal cancer, Epidemic characteristics, Intestine, Distribution of flora