关键词: 心血管疾病, 高危人群, 高风险, 特征, 预防性药物

Abstract: Objective To analyze the high-risk classification, risk grade, and prophylactic drug use among high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease in Zhengzhou. Methods The subjects of the study were those who were assessed as high risk for cardiovascular disease after a physical examination and cardiovascular disease screening in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from July 1 to December 31, 2021. Cardiovascular physicians with professional qualifications completed the assessment using the China-PAR model to investigate the use of prophylactic drugs in those who were assessed as high-risk for cardiovascular disease. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the high-risk status of cardiovascular disease high-risk groups and the use of prophylactic drugs, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of prophylactic drug use. Results A total of 1 684 patients with a high risk of cardiovascular disease were included in the study, including 896 males and 788 females; The age ranged from 39 to 75 years, with an average of （56.9±9.4） years; Body mass index （BMI） ranged from 18.2 to 29.7 kg/m², with an average of （22.8±3.1） kg/m²; 920 urban residents and 764 rural residents; 753 cases smoked; 114 cases of family history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The high blood pressure type was the most （48.28%）, one high-risk type was the highest （86.70%）, and 44.77% （754 cases） had middle and high 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease. A total of 233 subjects were required to take prophylactic drugs according to doctor's orders, of which 127 cases （7.54%） were taking antithrombotic drugs and 106 cases （6.29%） were taking statins. There were significant differences in the use of prophylactic drugs among people of different ages and family history of cardiovascular disease （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. There was a statistically significant difference in the use of prophylactic drugs among different types of high-risk types （P<0.01）, and the rate of prophylactic drug use was higher in the four types of high-risk types; There was no significant difference in the use of prophylactic drugs among patients with different high-risk types （all P>0.05）; There were statistically significant differences in the use of prophylactic drugs among people with different 10-year risk stratification of cardiovascular disease （all P<0.01）, and the rate of prophylactic drug use was higher in those with high risk. Conclusion The high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease in Zhengzhou are more common in single high-risk type, and more in high blood pressure type and dyslipidemia type. Older age, family history of cardiovascular disease, more high-risk types, and higher 10-year risk stratification of cardiovascular disease is associated with a higher rate of prophylactic drug use. Health management should be strengthened according to the individual status of high-risk groups of cardiovascular disease to reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease.

Key words: Cardiovascular disease, High-risk group, High risk, Characteristic, Prophylactic drug