关键词: 慢性阻塞性肺疾病, 呼吸系统, 气流受限, 社会负担, 吸烟, 职业粉尘接触

Abstract: Objective To explore the detection and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） among residents in Shijiazhuang City. Methods From September to December 2021, 3 communities in Shijiazhuang City were selected by cluster random sampling method, and all residents in the selected communities were subjected to a questionnaire survey and pulmonary function tests. Using the descriptive epidemiological method to analyze the prevalence of COPD in the community population. The risk factors of COPD were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis methods. Results A total of 2 348 residents completed the questionnaire survey and pulmonary function tests. Among them, 1 205 were male, accounting for 51.32%, and 1 143 were female, accounting for 48.68%, aged 31-76 years. A total of 146 cases of COPD were detected, the detection rate was 6.22%, 69 cases were mild, accounting for 47.26%, 54 cases were moderate, accounting for 36.99%, and 23 cases were severe, accounting for 15.75%, no extremely severe cases. In the symptom distribution of the detected individuals, the proportion of cough and expectoration was higher, which were 52.05% （76 cases） and 49.32% （72 cases）, respectively. The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥40 years （OR=1.705, 1.936）, male （OR=3.404）, living in rural areas （OR=2.469）, occasional or frequent smoking （OR=1.592, 1.800）, history of occupational dust exposure （OR=2.179）, family history of asthma （OR=3.164）, family history of COPD （OR=5.170）, and history of repeated respiratory tract infections （OR=3.414） were the influencing factors of COPD among community residents in Shijiazhuang. Conclusion The detection rate of COPD in community residents of Shijiazhuang City is not optimistic, and there are many risk factors. Focusing on the middle-aged and elderly, smoking, rural areas, and male high-risk groups with various related family histories, early screening and targeted intervention measures are helpful to the prevention and control of COPD in residents.

Key words: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Respiratory system, Restricted airflow, Social burden, Smoking, Occupational dust exposure