西安地区医务人员重大传染病疫情应急能力状况及影响因素调查分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2023.1103

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查西安地区医务人员重大传染病疫情应急能力现状,并分析影响应急能力相关因素,为制定针对性疫情应急管理措施提供参考。方法采用分层整群抽样法于2022年3月抽取西安地区部分医疗机构的医务人员为研究对象,利用“问卷星”网络调查的方式对医务人员重大传染病疫情应急能力状况进行调查。结果 1 056名医护人员的应急能力总得分为（120.83±11.69）分,总条目均分为（3.18±0.63）分,总得分率为63.61%。其中83.14%医护人员的应急能力处于中低等水平。应急能力的各维度得分率从高到低依次为预防能力（65.41%）、救援能力（64.37%）和准备能力（59.18%）。多重线性回归分析结果显示,医院级别为二级甲等（β'=-0.316）、职称（高级）（β'=0.374）、专业类型（预防医学）（β'=0.635）、工作年限（β'=0.283）、参加过应急培训（β'=1.017）、应急演练（β'=1.561）和应急救援（β'=1.985）是影响医护人员重大传染病疫情应急能力得分的主要影响因素。30.9%的变异可以由医院级别、职称、专业类型、工作年限以及是否参加过应急培训/演练和传染病应急救援等因素来解释。结论西安地区医务人员重大传染病疫情应急能力总体较低,应重点加强对医院级别较低的低年资、低职称的医务人员传染病突发事件救援演练和培训学习,从而进一步提高医护人员的重大疫情应急能力。

关键词: 医务人员, 传染病, 疫情, 应急能力

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of emergency response ability for major infectious diseases among medical staff in Xi'an, and analyze the relevant factors affecting emergency response ability, in order to provide the reference for the development of targeted epidemic emergency management measures. Methods In March 2022, the stratified cluster sampling method was used to select medical staff from some medical institutions in Xi'an for this study, and the “Wenjuanxing” network survey was used to investigate the emergency response ability of medical staff for major infectious diseases. Results The total score of emergency response ability of 1 056 medical staff was （120.83±11.69） points, with an average score of （3.18±0.63） points for the total items, and a total score rate of 63.61%.Among them, 83.14% of medical staff had a medium to low level of emergency response ability. The scoring rates of various dimensions of emergency response ability from high to low were prevention ability （65.41%）, rescue ability （64.37%）, and preparedness ability （59.18%）.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the hospital level was second grade A （β'=- 0.316）, professional title （senior）（β'= 0.374）, specialty type （preventive medicine）（β'= 0.635）, working years （β'= 0.283）, and whether they had participated in emergency training （β'= 1.017）, emergency drills （β'= 1.561）, and rescue of infectious disease emergencies （β'= 1.985） were the main influencing factors of emergency response ability among medical staff for major infectious diseases. In addition, 30.9% of the variation could be explained by hospital level, professional title, specialty type, working years, and participation in emergency training/drills and emergency rescue of infectious diseases. Conclusions The overall emergency response ability of medical staff in Xi'an for major infectious diseases is relatively low. It is necessary to focus on strengthening the rescue drills and training for medical staff with lower qualifications and professional titles in hospitals, in order to further improve their emergency response ability for major infectious diseases.

Key words: Medical staff, Infectious diseases, Epidemic situation, Emergency ability

中图分类号:

R197.32

侯静涛, 杨慧玲, 许娟, 樊研. 西安地区医务人员重大传染病疫情应急能力状况及影响因素调查分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2023, 49(9): 1103-1108.

HOU Jingtao, YANG Huiling, XU Juan, FAN Yan. Investigation on emergency response ability and its influencing factors for major infectious diseases among medical staff in Xi'an[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2023, 49(9): 1103-1108.

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