慢性心力衰竭患者参与运动锻炼现状及相关因素调查

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2023.1114

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨慢性心力衰竭患者参与运动锻炼现状及影响因素。方法以2022年1月至2023年1月在郑州市某医院治疗的慢性心力衰竭患者作为研究对象,在出院后通过门诊复查的方式对患者运动情况进行调查,采用描述性分析方法对慢性心力衰竭患者运动情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析分别对患者运动频率、运动时间和运动强度的影响因素进行分析。结果 220例慢性心力衰竭患者中参与有氧运动锻炼患者192例,抗阻运动28例。有氧运动参与者以慢跑（132例,68.75%）和步行（114例,59.38%）为主。运动频率以<3次/周所占比例较高,占60.91%（134例）,≥3次/周者占39.09%（86例）;运动时长≥30 min/次者占55.45%（122例）,<30 min/次者占44.55%（98例）;强度<12自感运动强度（RPE）者占69.64%（151例）,≥12 RPE者占31.36%（69例）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示性别（OR=0.635）、心功能（OR=0.360）、运动恐惧得分（OR=0.410）和运动自我能效（SEE）总分（OR=3.071）是运动频率的影响因素;年龄（OR=0.444）、心功能（OR=0.295）、运动恐惧得分（OR=0.378）和SEE总分（OR=3.264）是运动时间的影响因素;年龄（OR=0.444）、心功能（OR=0.315）、其他基础性疾病（OR=0.356）、运动恐惧得分（OR=0.410）和SEE总分（OR=2.809）是运动强度的影响因素。结论慢性心力衰竭患者运动锻炼主要以有氧运动为主,运动频率、时间和强度受患者性别、心功能等因素的影响。

关键词: 慢性心力衰竭, 运动锻炼, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of exercise participation in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods The study subjects were patients with chronic heart failure who were treated at a hospital in Zhengzhou from January 2022 to January 2023. After discharge, the exercise status of patients was investigated through outpatient follow‐up. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the exercise status of patients with chronic heart failure, and univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors of exercise frequency, exercise duration, and exercise intensity. Results Among 220 patients with chronic heart failure, 192 patients participated in aerobic exercise and 28 patients participated in resistance exercise. The main aerobic exercise participants were jogging （132 cases, 68.75%） and walking （114 cases, 59.38%）. Exercise frequency<3 times/week accounted for 60.91% （134 cases）, ≥3 times/week accounted for 39.09% （86 cases）; Exercise duration ≥30 min/time accounted for 55.45% （122 cases）,<30 min/time accounted for 44.55% （98 cases）; The intensity of<12 RPE accounted for 69.64% （151 cases）, and ≥12 RPE accounted for 31.36% （69 cases）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender （OR=0.635）, heart function （OR=0.360）, exercise fear score （OR=0.410）, and total SEE score （OR=3.071） were factors that affect exercise frequency; Age （OR=0.444）, heart function （OR=0.295）, exercise fear score （OR=0.378）, and total SEE score （OR=3.264） were factors that affect exercise duration; Age （OR=0.444）, heart function （OR=0.315）, other underlying diseases （OR=0.356）, exercise fear score （OR=0.410）, and total SEE score （OR=2.809） were factors that affect exercise intensity. Conclusion Patients with chronic heart failure mainly engage in aerobic exercise, and the frequency, duration, and intensity of exercise are influenced by factors such as gender and cardiac function and so on.

Key words: Chronic heart failure, Exercise, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R541.6

王军芳, 刘艳存, 王邓林, 胡光玲, 秦佳丽, 问琼歌. 慢性心力衰竭患者参与运动锻炼现状及相关因素调查[J]. 华南预防医学, 2023, 49(9): 1114-1118.

WANG Junfang, LIU Yancun, WANG Denglin, HU Guangling, QIN Jiali, WEN Qiongge. Investigation on the status and related factors of exercise participation in patients with chronic heart failure[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2023, 49(9): 1114-1118.

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