Abstract: Objective To evaluate the ability of the dengue fever prevention and control system in Yantian District, Shenzhen, and provide scientific basis for strengthening the weak links in dengue fever prevention and control. Method Four areas were selected from the whole district, and household surveys, professional agency interviews, and questionnaire surveys were conducted to investigate and assess the risk of dengue fever importation, detection capability, and spread risk in the jurisdiction. Results Import risk: Customs conducted dengue fever screening through active declaration, and the proportion of migrant population in the district was high, the number of international tourists was large, and the incidence rate of imported cases ranked first in the city. Detection capability: Residents in Dameisha Village had the lowest awareness rate of dengue fever (42.31%), followed by residents in Anjing New Village (50.75%), 89.47% of residents in the jurisdiction would seek medical treatment when they had symptoms, the awareness rate of dengue fever epidemiological history among medical staff in the whole district was low (14.61%), and the community health center was not equipped with non-structural protein 1 (NS1) detection reagents. Diffusion risk: Residents in Dameisha Village had a low awareness of mosquito prevention (66.67%), and the rate of installing window screens was only 11.54%, the Breteau Index showed that Dameisha Village was a high-risk area (BI=26), Zhongying Street Community was a medium-risk area (BI=18), Anjing New Village was a low-risk area (BI=6), and Yumin New Village was relatively safe (BI=3). Conclusions Yantian District faces a high risk of dengue fever importation, with residents and medical staff lacking sufficient knowledge of the disease and limited detection capabilities. It is necessary to strengthen prevention and control measures throughout the district and raise awareness of mosquito prevention.

Key words: Shenzhen, Dengue fever, Epidemic prevention and control, Vulnerability