Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of ankyloglossia in infants aged 0-3 years in Jiading District, and analyze its influencing factors, so as to provide the basis for the prevention and control of ankyloglossi. Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to randomly select three communities in Jiading District, Shanghai from June 2023 to January 2025, and infants aged 0-3 years were recruited as survey subjects for questionnaire survey and oral examination. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the prevalence of ankyloglossia, and univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors of ankyloglossia in infants aged 0-3 years in Jiading District. Results A total of 1 110 infants aged 0-3 years were recruited in Jiading District, Shanghai, and 1 026 valid data were included. Among the 1 026 infants, there were 146 cases of ankyloglossia, including 66 cases of under 1 years old and 80 cases of 1-3 years old. The prevalence of ankyloglossia was 14.23% (146/1 026). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male gender (OR=1.514), a family history of ankyloglossia (OR=4.282), lack of folic acid supplementation during early pregnancy (OR=2.270), vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy (OR=1.452), and a history of smoking during pregnancy (OR=1.897) were the influencing factors for ankyloglossia in infants aged 0-3 years in Jiading District (P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of ankyloglossia in infants aged 0-3 years in Jiading District is concerning. Factors influencing the occurrence of ankyloglossia include male gender, a family history of the condition, lack of folic acid supplementation during early pregnancy, vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy, and a history of smoking during pregnancy. It is recommended that interventions be implemented promptly in Jiading District to reduce the prevalence of ankyloglossia in infants.

Key words: Ankyloglossia, Infant, Influencing factor