Abstract: Objective To investigate the disease spectrum of chronic kidney disease (CKD), the current utilization of health services, and its associated determinants among adults in the Fuyang region. Methods A total of 1 014 patients with CKD, treated at various medical institutions in the Fuyang region between October 2021 and May 2025, were enrolled in this study. The investigation involved analyzing the characteristics of the disease spectrum and assessing health service utilization across three dimensions: screening and awareness, health-seeking behavior, and resource utilization. Univariate and multivariate analyses were subsequently employed to identify the factors influencing the rate of health service utilization for adult CKD in this locality. Results The disease spectrum of CKD in the Fuyang region was predominantly characterized by secondary nephropathy (89.4%), with diabetic nephropathy constituting the largest proportion (42.01%), followed by hypertensive nephropathy and hyperuricemic nephropathy. The majority of patients were in stage 3 of the disease (55.03%), and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were the most prevalent comorbidities (68.15%). Regarding health services, 84.42% of patients were aware of CKD-related services. The initial consultation typically occurred at county-level hospitals. The actual medical insurance reimbursement rate was ≥60% for 61.42% of patients, and the incidence of catastrophic health expenditure was 21.30%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age (younger age, OR=1.688), annual family income (higher income, OR=2.954), educational attainment (higher level, OR=1.594), availability of community health services (available, OR=3.771), convenience of internet access (convenient, OR=2.118), level of social support (moderate/high, OR=4.809), and illness uncertainty (moderate/low, OR=4.068) were significant determinants of health service utilization among adults with CKD in the Fuyang region (all P<0.05). Conclusion The adult CKD population in the Fuyang region is primarily characterized by secondary nephropathy, mid-stage disease, and a high prevalence of comorbidities. While the overall utilization of health services is relatively favorable, issues such as insufficient awareness and delays in seeking medical consultation persist. The principal factors influencing health service utilization in this population include age, annual family income, educational attainment, availability of community health services, internet accessibility, social support, and the degree of illness uncertainty.

Key words: Chronic kidney disease, Disease spectrum, Health services, Utilization rate, Influencing factors