Abstract: Objective To investigate the status and associated factors of alcohol consumption among residents in Guangdong Province, and provide basic data for health risk assessment related to alcohol consumption. Methods During 2009 to 2012, using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, three different stages including large cities, medium cities, and rural areas were classified for the survey. Nine districts/counties were selected across the province. Six resident/village committees were sampled in each county,75 households were sampled in each resident/village committee,and then,family members aged 5 and over were selected to participate in the survey.Survey contents included personal general situation, alcohol drinking in the past 12 months, types of alcoholic beverage, frequency, average consumption of every time, etc. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was carried out on the survey. PROC SURVEYMEANS and PROC SURVEYFREQ were used for calculating standardized average intake and rate, and the multiple logistic regression analysis was used for analyzing factors related to alcohol consumption. Results A total of 9 672 residents aged 15 and above were investigated, and valid number was 8 972 residents, and the questionnaire response rate was 92.8%. Among 8 972 respondents, 57.7% were female, 38.0% at medium-sized cities, 58.7% aged 30 to 59 years, 56.9% had middle school education, 44.2% had annual income of <10 000 Yuan, 83.6% married, and 17.9% smokers. A total of 2 758 residents had been drinking over the past 12 months, the crude drinking rate was 30.7%, and the standardized drinking rate was 33.3%; the average daily alcohol intake of 2 758 drinkers was (9.6 ± 2.1) g; the average daily alcohol intake of 312 excessive drinkers was (74.6 ± 11.5) g. The proportion of excessive alcohol drinking was 15.6% (279/1 787) for men and 3.4% (33/971) for women to all alcohol drinkers. In the multiple logistic regression model, the subjects aged 18-29 (OR=2.971), 30-44 (OR=3.857), and 45-59 (OR=3.147) age groups, the annual income level of 10 000 - 25 000 Yuan (OR=1.229) and > 25 000 Yuan (OR=1.206), and smokers (OR=2.321) were more likely to drink alcohol, while those of female (OR=0.347), middle school education (OR=0.767), and primary school education and below (OR=0.592) were less likely to drink alcohol. Conclusion Alcohol intake of excessive drinking was higher, and it is necessary to carry out risk assessments for hazardous substances related alcoholic beverage to control the risks associated with alcohol consumption.