华南预防医学 ›› 2020, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 329-332.doi: 10.12183/j.scjpm.2020.0329

• 论著 •    下一篇

珠三角地区PM2.5与人群急性咳嗽关系

关绮华1, 曾韦霖2, 黄家殷1, 梁自勉1, 步梨3, 朱克京4, 宁婷4, 刘涛2, 李杏2, 郭凌川2, 马文军2, 肖建鹏2   

  1. 1.佛山市疾病预防控制中心,广东 佛山 528000;
    2.广东省疾病预防控制中心 广东省公共卫生研究院;
    3.广州市疾病预防控制中心;
    4.珠海市疾病预防控制中心
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-12 出版日期:2020-08-20 发布日期:2020-09-16
  • 通讯作者: 肖建鹏,E-mail: jpengx@163.com
  • 作者简介:关绮华(1982—),女,大学本科,主管医师,研究方向:学校卫生和传染病预防控制
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0207001); 广东省医学科研基金(A2019090)

Association of PM2.5 with acute cough in seven communities in the Pearl River Delta

GUAN Qi-hua1, ZENG Wei-lin2, HUANG Jia-yin1, LIANG Zi-mian1, BU Li3, ZHU Ke-jing4, NING Ting4, LIU Tao2, LI Xing2, GUO Ling-chuan2, MA Wen-jun2, XIAO Jian-peng2   

  1. 1. Foshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Foshan 528000, China;
    2. Guangdong Public Health Research Institute,Guangdong Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
    3. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention;
    4. Zhuhai Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Received:2019-12-12 Online:2020-08-20 Published:2020-09-16

摘要: 目的 研究空气中PM2.5对人群急性咳嗽的短期效应。 方法 2017年11月至2018年2月,在广东省珠三角地区7个社区进行居民环境与健康问卷调查,询问调查对象过去2周急性咳嗽症状的发生情况,同时收集各社区对应时期每日空气污染和气象资料。采用二水平logistic回归分析方法分析7个社区居民急性咳嗽症状的发生与近期PM2.5暴露水平的关系。 结果 共调查7 151人,其中223例(发生率为3.12%)在调查日过去2周出现急性咳嗽症状。PM2.5暴露对社区人群急性咳嗽发生具有统计学意义的短期效应,效应持续时间为7 d。其中PM2.5滞后1 d的健康效应最大,PM2.5每升高10 µg/m3对应的OR值为1.21(95% CI:1.06~1.37);PM2.5滑动平均0~4 d的效应最大(OR=1.19,95% CI:1.05~1.37)。人群分层结果显示,女性(OR=1.25, 95%CI:1.04~1.50)发病风险高于男性(OR=1.10, 95%CI: 0.92~1.33)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论 PM2.5可短期内增加当地居民急性咳嗽的风险,而且女性发生急性咳嗽的风险更高。

关键词: PM2.5, 急性咳嗽, 短期效应, 多水平模型

Abstract: Objective To exlpore the short-term effect of ambient fine particle matter (PM2.5) on the incidence of acute cough. Methods A questionnaire survey on environment and health was conducted among residents in seven communities in three cities in the Pearl River Delta from November 2017 to February 2018, to investigate the occurrence of acute cough symptoms two weeks prior to the survey. Data of daily air pollution and weather of the communities were also collected simultaneously. Two-level logistic regression model was used to estimate the association between PM2.5 and occurrence of acute cough. Results A total of 7 151 residents were surveyed, and 223(3.12%)of them had acute cough symptoms in the past two weeks. A significant short-term effect of exposure to PM2.5 on acute cough was observed, with a delayed effect for seven days. The odds ratio (OR) was 1.21(95% CI:1.06,1.37) for each increment of 10 µg/m3 in PM2.5 on lag day1, and the effect of PM2.5 sliding average was the highest (OR=1.19; 95% CI:1.05,1.37)from lag day 0 to lag day 4. The stratified analyses revealed that a higher risk of onset was observed in females (OR=1.25, 95%CI: 1.04, 1.50) than that in males (OR=1.10, 95%CI: 0.92, 1.33)(P<0.05). Conclusion PM2.5 can increase the risk of acute cough in the short term, and women had higher risk of acute cough induced by PM2.5 exposure.

Key words: PM2.5, Acute cough, Short-term effect, Multi-level model

中图分类号: 

  • R122.7