关键词: 骨密度, 骨质疏松, 中老年, 女性, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of bone mineral density among middle-aged and elderly women, and analyze the influencing factors. Methods Questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, physiological and biochemical index tests and bone mineral density tests were carried out on middle-aged and elderly women aged over 45 years old who had physical examination in medical examination center of a hospital in Gulou District, Nanjing during January to December 2020. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the detection of osteoporosis, and univariate and multivariate analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of osteoporosis. Results In this study, a total of 8 550 middle-aged and elderly women aged 45-75 years old were surveyed, with an average age of （60.23±13.46） years old. A total of 1 303 cases of osteoporosis were detected, and the detection rate was 15.24%. The older the age （OR=1.589）, BMI < 18.5 or ≥24.0 （OR=1.044, 1.950）, menopause （OR=2.745）, abnormal serum ferritin （OR=1.754）, diabetes mellitus （OR=2.125）, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （OR=3.108）, hypertension （OR=2.121）, hyperhomocysteinemia （OR=1.655）, the risk of osteoporosis was higher in the middle-aged and elderly women. The risk of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women with hyperuricemia （OR=0.448） and more outdoor activities （OR=0.716） was lower. Conclusion The incidence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women is high. BMI, outdoor activities, abnormal serum ferritin, hyperuricemia, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, and hyperhomocysteinemia are all influencing factors of osteoporosis. Relevant departments and medical staff should consciously take scientific and reasonable intervention measures for the above factors.

Key words: Bone mineral density, Osteoporosis, Middle-aged and elderly, Women, Influencing factor