关键词: 磷摄入量, 慢性肾脏病, 营养状况, 钙磷代谢

Abstract: Objective To investigate the dietary phosphorus intake of patients with chronic kidney disease （CKD）, and to analyze the effect of dietary phosphorus intake on blood nutritional indicators and related indicators of calcium and phosphorus metabolism. Methods Patients with CKD diagnosed and treated in a hospital in Chengdu from December 2018 to November 2019 were taken as the research object. Basic data collection, 3 d 24 h diet survey, nutritional status assessment, and blood biochemical detection were carried out. Descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the dietary phosphorus intake of patients with CKD. Results A total of 151 patients with CKD were studied, aged 25-75 years, mainly 60 - 75 years old, accounting for 64.9%. The male to female ratio was 1.25∶1. The disease stage was mainly stage 3, accounting for 49.0%; the primary disease was glomerulonephritis, accounting for 70.9%; and the SGA assessment result was mainly B grade （suspected malnutrition）, accounting for 86.1%. The dietary phosphorus intake was mainly at the medium level （600 - 800 mg/d）, accounting for 58.6%, followed by the high level （>800 mg/d）, accounting for 23.6%, and the low level （<600 mg/d） accounted for 17.8%. There were statistically significant differences in albumin, prealbumin, blood phosphorus, and blood phosphorus calcium product indexes among patients with CKD with different dietary phosphorus intakes （all P<0.01）, but there was no significant difference in transferrin and blood calcium levels among patients with CKD with different dietary phosphorus intake （both P>0.05）. Blood phosphorus and blood phosphorus calcium product were positively correlated with dietary phosphorus intake （r_s=0.736, 0.809, both P<0.05）. Conclusion Dietary phosphorus intake has a certain impact on the nutritional status and phosphorus metabolism of patients with CKD. Patients with CKD should pay attention to selecting foods with low potassium content according to the guidance of nutritionists, effectively control phosphorus intake and prevent hyperphosphatemia on the premise of ensuring the physiological needs of the body.

Key words: Phosphorus intake, Chronic kidney disease, Nutritional status, Calcium and phosphorus metabolism