河南省许昌市3~12岁儿童贫血现状及影响因素研究

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2022.0315

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的研究河南省许昌市3~12岁儿童贫血现状及影响因素,为本地区降低3~12岁儿童贫血发生率、提升儿童健康水平提供科学依据。方法将2020年6月至2021年3月在许昌市某医院接受健康体检的本市户籍3~12岁儿童作为研究对象收集其体格检查及血红蛋白检测数据,对儿童家长进行调查问卷收集儿童基本信息及饮食相关信息,采用描述分析方法对该地区儿童贫血发生情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对贫血影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共纳入8 406名3~12岁儿童,检出贫血儿童1 109例,贫血检出率为13.19%,以轻度贫血占比最高,达66.54%,其次为中度、重度贫血,分别占27.48%、6.97%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示年龄（OR=0.694）、BMI（偏瘦OR=2.106）、贫血史（OR=2.986）、早产儿（OR=1.711）、偏食/挑食（OR=2.208）、体育锻炼（OR=0.879）、主要照护人文化程度（OR=0.751）、主要照护人贫血认知（OR=0.581）是河南省许昌市3~12岁儿童贫血的影响因素。结论河南省许昌市3~12岁儿童贫血现状较突出,且受到多种因素影响,应关注高危儿童群体,针对性加强预防和饮食指导,帮助其建立良好的生活习惯,改善营养状况,以减少贫血发生、提升儿童健康水平。

关键词: 贫血, 儿童, 血红蛋白, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To study the status and influencing factors of anemia among children aged 3-12 years in Xuchang City, Henan Province, so as to provide reference for reducing the incidence of anemia and improving the health level of children aged 3-12 years in this area. Methods From June 2020 to March 2021, children aged 3-12 years with household registration in Xuchang City who received health examination in a hospital in Xuchang City were selected as the research subjects to collect their physical examination and hemoglobin detection data, and the parents of the children were given a questionnaire to collect the basic information of the children and diet-related information. Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the occurrence of anemia among children in this area, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of anemia. Results A total of 8 406 children aged 3-12 years were included in this study, 1 109 children with anemia were detected, and the detection rate was 13.19%. Mild anemia accounted for the highest proportion, accounting for 66.54%, followed by moderate and severe anemia, accounting for 27.48% and 6.97% respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=0.694）, body mass index （thin OR=2.106）, history of anemia （OR=2.986）, premature infants （OR=1.711）, partial eclipse/picky eater （OR=2.208）, physical exercise （OR=0.879）, education level of the main caregiver （OR=0.751）, and anemia cognition of the main caregiver （OR=0.581） were the influencing factors of anemia in children aged 3-12 years in Xuchang City, Henan Province. Conclusion The anemia status of children aged 3-12 years in Xuchang City, Henan Province is affected by many factors, attention should be paid to high-risk groups of children, and targeted prevention and dietary guidance should be strengthened to help them establish good living habits and improve nutritional status, so as to reduce the incidence of anemia and improve the health level of children.

Key words: Anemia, Children, Hemoglobin, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R725.5

张红祥, 张喜梅, 李伟. 河南省许昌市3~12岁儿童贫血现状及影响因素研究[J]. 华南预防医学, 2022, 48(3): 315-317.

ZHANG Hong-xiang, ZHANG Xi-mei, LI Wei. Status and influencing factors of anemia among children aged 3-12 years in Xuchang, Henan[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 48(3): 315-317.

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