关键词: 噪声暴露, 纯音听力测试, 噪音性听力损失, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the pure tone audiometry （PTA） results of the occupational health examinations for noise exposed workers, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of occupational noise-induced deafness. Methods A total of 6 614 noise exposed workers who underwent occupational health examination and PTA in Nanjing Hospital for Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment from January 1 to October 31, 2020 were enrolled in the study. Collected their general information, occupational history and medical history, and conducted physical examination, PTA, laboratory examination, etc. The thresholds of binaural frequencies were compared by Student's t test, and the abnormal detection rates of binaural frequencies were compared by Chi-square test. The risk factors of noise-induced hearing loss （NIHL） were analyzed by binary Logistic regression analysis. Results Among 6 614 noise exposed workers, 1 779 cases had abnormal hearing threshold test, accounting for 26.90%, 678 cases with NIHL, accounting for 10.25%. There were significant differences in the detection rate of NIHL among noise exposed workers of different gender, combined with harmful factors, smoking and drinking （all P<0.01）. The detection rate of NIHL increased with the increasing of age and noise exposure length of service （both P<0.01）, but there was no significant difference between normal blood pressure group and abnormal blood pressure group （P>0.05）. Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that male（OR=2.305）, age ≥ 31 years（OR=2.136, 5.839, 6.294）, working years exposed to noise ≥35 years（OR=1.994）, smoking（OR=1.259）, and exposure to welding dust（OR=1.906） were risk factors for NIHL. Conclusions Many factors causes hearing loss of noise exposed workers. People with hearing loss should be found as early as possible, and education on protection and tobacco control should be strengthened to reduce hearing loss.

Key words: Noise exposure, Pure tone audiometry, Noise-induced hearing loss, Influencing factor