恩施地区2型糖尿病患者视力损伤现况研究

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2022.1071

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查恩施地区2型糖尿病患者视力损伤现况并分析相关影响因素,为预防2型糖尿病患者视力损伤提供参考依据。方法以2019年1月至2021年12月恩施地区2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,描述流行病学分析方法对2型糖尿病患者视力损伤现状进行分析,获取患者个人相关资料,采用单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析2型糖尿病患者视力损伤的影响因素。结果纳入有效研究对象2 986例2型糖尿病患者,检出视力损伤679例,检出率为22.74%。视力损伤单眼265例、双眼414例。屈光不正187例、白内障93例、视网膜病变308例、其他91例。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄越大（OR=1.439）、病程越长（OR=2.143）、血糖控制不达标（OR=2.366）、用药依从性差（OR=2.956）、饮食健康越差（OR=1.937）、体育锻炼不达标（OR=1.783）、焦虑（OR=1.318）、抑郁（OR=1.990）的恩施地区2型糖尿病患者检出视力损伤的可能性较高。结论恩施地区2型糖尿病患者视力损伤以双眼损伤多见,视网膜病变、屈光不正诊断多见,其受到多种因素影响,应关注相关人群并针对血糖控制、用药依从性、饮食健康、体育锻炼、心理健康等可改变因素进行有效干预,帮助2型糖尿病患者控制血糖水平、预防和降低视力损伤发生。

关键词: 2型糖尿病, 视力损伤, 血糖, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of visual impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） in Enshi City and analyze its related factors, to provide a reference for the prevention of visual impairment in patients with T2DM. Methods The patients with T2DM in Enshi from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected as the research objects. The descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the status of visual impairment in patients with T2DM. The personal related data of the patients with T2DM were obtained, and the influencing factors of visual impairment were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 2 986 patients with T2DM were included in the effective study, and 679 cases of visual impairment were detected, with a detection rate of 22.74%. There were 265 cases of monocular visual impairment and 414 cases of binocular visual impairment. Among them, 187 cases were ametropia, 93 cases were cataracts, 308 cases were retinopathy, and 91 cases were other. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the older the patients with T2DM were （OR=1.439）, the longer the course of disease （OR=2.143）, unfulfilled blood glucose control （OR=2.366）, poor drug compliance （OR=2.956）, the worse their diet health （OR=1.937）, unfulfilled physical exercise （OR=1.783）, anxiety （OR=1.318）, and depression （OR=1.990） in Enshi, the higher the possibility of visual impairment. Conclusions The visual impairment of patients with T2DM in Enshi is more common in terms of binocular impairment, retinopathy, and ametropia, which are affected by many factors. We should pay attention to the relevant population and effectively intervene against such changeable factors as blood glucose control, drug compliance, diet health, physical exercise, and psychological health, to help patients with T2DM control blood glucose, and prevent and reduce visual impairment.

Key words: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Visual impairment, Blood glucose, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R195

朱晓红, 曹佳, 田水清, 叶科理, 付孝慧, 钟灵. 恩施地区2型糖尿病患者视力损伤现况研究[J]. 华南预防医学, 2022, 48(9): 1071-1074.

ZHU Xiao-hong, CAO Jia, TIAN Shui-qing, YE Ke-li, FU Xiao-hui, ZHONG Ling. Visual impairment status in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Enshi[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 48(9): 1071-1074.

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