关键词: 高血压, 健康管理, 自我管理行为, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of self-health management in hypertensive patients and explore its influencing factors, to provide a reference for improving the level of self-health management in hypertensive patients. Methods Hypertensive patients who received medical treatment in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January to April 2022 were selected to evaluate the status of self-health management by Self-Management Behavior Assessment Scale, including diet management, medication management, emotional management, work and rest management, disease monitoring, and exercise management. Data of gender, age, education level, family history of hypertension, course of hypertension, grade of hypertension, and other underlying diseases were obtained by questionnaires. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the influencing factors of the self-health management of hypertensive patients. Results The total score of self-management behavior of 1 432 hypertensive patients was （75.21±4.70） points. The scores of diet management, medication management, emotional management, work and rest management, disease monitoring, and exercise management were （19.73±2.69） points, （13.58±1.37） points, （15.91±1.71） points, （12.80±1.26） points, （11.14±1.19） points, and （6.08±0.95） points, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age （β'=0.237）, an education level （β'=0.191）, course of hypertension （β'=0.184）, grade of hypertension （β'=0.251）, and other underlying diseases （β'=-0.234） were factors influencing the status of self-health management in hypertensive patients. Conclusions The status of self-health management of hypertensive patients is not ideal, which is affected by many factors such as age, education level, course of hypertension, grade of hypertension, and other underlying diseases. Personalized health management can be strengthened for different groups of patients to improve their self-management ability and control hypertension.

Key words: Hypertension, Health management, Self-management behavior, Influencing factor