洛阳地区心脑血管疾病患者衰弱现状及其影响因素

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2023.0282

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析洛阳地区心脑血管疾病患者衰弱现状及其影响因素,以期对衰弱的防治提供科学依据。方法于2020年1月至2022年6月对河南省洛阳市4所医院的心脑血管疾病患者进行问卷调查,获取相关资料,采用描述性分析方法对心脑血管疾病患者衰弱现状进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对心脑血管疾病患者衰弱的影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共对3 375例心脑血管疾病患者的衰弱现状进行分析,1 581例存在不同程度的衰弱状况,发生率为46.84%;1 581例衰弱患者中1 075例处于衰弱前期,占67.99%,506例处于衰弱期,占32.01%。有序多分类Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性（OR=1.606）、年龄≥65岁（OR=3.513、6.201、7.628）、主要心脑血管疾病严重程度中、重度（OR=1.491、1.682）、合并慢性病数量≥1种（OR=1.406）、独居（OR=1.341）、家庭人均月收入≤5 000元（OR=1.442、1.301）、吸烟（OR=1.255、1.593）、饮酒（OR=1.215、1.649）、未规律锻炼（OR=1.360）、夜间睡眠不充足（OR=1.197）、营养状况较差（OR=1.273）为心脑血管疾病患者衰弱的独立影响因素。结论洛阳地区心脑血管疾病患者中接近一半存在衰弱状况,性别、年龄、主要心脑血管疾病严重程度、合并慢性病数量、居住状况、家庭人均月收入、吸烟、饮酒、规律锻炼状况、夜间睡眠状况及营养状况均是影响患者衰弱状况的重要因素。

关键词: 神经系统, 心脑血管疾病, 衰弱, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the status of frailty in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and its influencing factors in Luoyang region, to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of frailty. Methods From January 2020 to June 2022, a questionnaire survey was conducted among patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in 4 hospitals in Luoyang City, Henan Province, to obtain relevant data. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the frailty status of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of frailty of patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Results In this study, a total of 3 375 patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were analyzed, and 1 581 patients had different degrees of frailty, with an incidence rate of 46.84%. Among 1 581 patients with frailty, 1 075 cases were in the pre‐frailty stage, accounting for 67.99%, and 506 cases were in the frailty stage, accounting for 32.01%. The results of ordered multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that female （OR=1.606）, aged 65 and over （OR=3.513, 6.201, 7.628）, moderate to severe severity of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases （OR=1.491, 1.682）, number of chronic diseases ≥ 1 （OR=1.406）, living alone （OR=1.341）, family per capita monthly income ≤ 5 000 yuan （OR=1.442, 1.301）, smoking （OR=1.255, 1.593）, drinking （OR=1.215, 1.649）, irregular exercise （OR=1.360）, insufficient sleep at night （OR=1.197）, and poor nutritional status （OR=1.273） were independent influencing factors for frailty in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Conclusions Nearly half of the patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Luoyang region have frailty. Gender, age, severity of major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, number of chronic diseases, living conditions, family per capita monthly income, smoking, drinking, regular exercise status, night sleep status, and nutritional status are all important factors affecting frailty.

Key words: Nervous system, Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, Frailty, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

焦瑞娟, 李大欢, 梁华杰, 俞俊辉, 赵静. 洛阳地区心脑血管疾病患者衰弱现状及其影响因素[J]. 华南预防医学, 2023, 49(3): 282-286.

JIAO Ruijuan, LI Dahuan, LIANG Huajie, YU Junhui, ZHAO Jing. Status of frailty in patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in Luoyang region and its influencing factors[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2023, 49(3): 282-286.

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