武汉市学龄儿童甲状腺结节患病状况及其与碘营养水平的相关性研究

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2023.0558

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解武汉市学龄儿童甲状腺结节患病状况及碘营养水平,探讨两者间的相关关系,为制定儿童甲状腺结节及碘缺乏病防治策略提供依据。方法 2019—2021年在武汉市8个区按东、西、南、北、中各抽取1所小学的8~10岁非寄宿学生40人,进行甲状腺B超检查,并测量其身高、体重,检测其随机1次尿样、家庭食用盐样,采用卡方检验、秩和检验、二分类Logistic回归模型分析甲状腺结节患病的影响因素及其与尿碘水平的相关关系。结果共调查8~10岁学龄儿童1 600人,尿碘中位数为245.51 μg/L,不同性别、年龄、区域儿童尿碘中位数均为超过适宜量水平。8~10岁学龄儿童食用盐碘含量中位数为23.70 mg/kg,合格碘盐食用率为95.63%（1 530/1 600）,尿碘中位数与食用盐碘含量中位数呈正相关（P<0.01）。8~10岁学龄儿童甲状腺结节检出率为4.94%（79/1 600）。女生（OR=1.71）、尿碘水平高（OR=1.39）是儿童患甲状腺结节的危险因素;甲状腺结节检出率与儿童尿碘水平呈正相关（P<0.01）。结论武汉市8~10岁学龄儿童甲状腺结节患病率低于全国大多数地区,碘营养水平处于超过适宜量水平,尿碘水平高可增加儿童患甲状腺结节的风险。

关键词: 学龄儿童, 甲状腺结节, 碘营养, 相关性

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of thyroid nodules and iodine nutrition of school-age children in Wuhan, and to explore the correlation between them, to provide a basis for formulating prevention and treatment strategies for thyroid nodules and iodine deficiency disorder in children. Methods From 2019 to 2021, according to the east, west, south, north, and middle positions of the eight districts in Wuhan, one primary school was selected from each positions, 40 non-boarding students aged 8-10 years from each primary school were selected for thyroid B-ultrasound examination, their height and weight were measured, and urine samples and household salt samples were randomly tested once. The Chi-square test, rank sum test, and binary Logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of thyroid nodules and their correlation with urinary iodine levels. Results A total of 1 600 school-age children aged 8-10 years were investigated. The median urinary iodine was 245.51 μg/L, and the median urinary iodine exceeded the appropriate level in children of different genders, ages, and regions. The median iodine content of edible salt was 23.70 mg/kg in children aged 8-10 years, and the qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 95.63% （1 530/1 600）. The median urinary iodine content was positively correlated with the median iodine content of edible salt （P<0.01）. The detection rate of thyroid nodules in school-age children aged 8-10 years was 4.94% （79/1 600）. Girls （OR=1.71） and high urinary iodine levels （OR=1.39） were risk factors for thyroid nodules in children. The detection rate of thyroid nodules was positively correlated with the urinary iodine level of children （P<0.01）. Conclusions The prevalence of thyroid nodules in school-age children aged 8-10 years in Wuhan is lower than that in most areas of China. The iodine nutrition level is above the appropriate level. High urinary iodine levels can increase the risk of thyroid nodules in children.

Key words: School-age children, Thyroid nodule, Iodine nutrition, Correlation

中图分类号:

R599.9

陈芳, 吴凯, 杨燕, 徐明星. 武汉市学龄儿童甲状腺结节患病状况及其与碘营养水平的相关性研究[J]. 华南预防医学, 2023, 49(5): 558-562.

CHEN Fang, WU Kai, YANG Yan, XU Mingxing. Prevalence of thyroid nodules in school-age children in Wuhan and its correlation with iodine nutrition[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2023, 49(5): 558-562.

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