保定地区老年人卫生服务需求及利用现状调查

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2023.0690

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查老年人群卫生服务需求与利用情况,并分析相关影响因素,为卫生政策和规划提出相应的对策与建议。方法通过多阶段分层抽样法于2022年6—12月对保定市≥60岁常住居民进行卫生服务需求和利用情况调查,采用描述性方法分析两周患病率、慢性病患病率、两周就诊率、1年内住院率,并利用多因素logistic回归模型分析相关影响因素。结果共调查2 613名老年人,其中两周患病率为46.57%,两周就诊率为30.46%,慢性病患病率为63.22%,1年内住院率为13.09%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示年龄（OR=2.056）、慢病种数（OR=3.483）、定期体检（OR=0.532）、日常生活能力（OR=2.841）和自评健康状态（OR=3.084）对老年人两周患病具有显著影响,文化程度（OR=1.379）、慢病种数（OR=2.261）、人均月收入（OR=4.362）、医疗保险（OR=3.031）、定期体检（OR=0.584）、自评健康状态（OR=1.878）以及两周患病（OR=14.688）对老年人两周就诊具有显著影响。结论保定市老年人卫生服务需求较高,但利用不充分。卫生服务工作应以贫困、高龄、慢性病以及生活自理能力差的老年人为重点,充分发挥基层医疗机构的作用,完善社会养老保险制度,以提升老年人的卫生服务利用率。

关键词: 老年人, 卫生服务需求, 卫生服务利用, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the demand and utilization of health services of the elderly population, and analyze related influencing factors, and put forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions for health policy and planning. Methods The multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to investigate the demand and utilization of health services among permanent residents ≥60 years old in Baoding City from June to December 2022. The 2-week prevalence rate, chronic disease prevalence rate, 2-week visit rate, and 1-year hospitalization rate were analyzed by descriptive analysis, and the related influencing factors were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model. Results A total of 2 613 elderly people were surveyed, with a 2-week prevalence rate of 46.57%, a 2-week visit rate of 30.46%, a chronic disease prevalence rate of 63.22%, and a 1-year hospitalization rate of 13.09%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age （OR=2.056）, number of chronic diseases （OR=3.483）, regular physical examination （OR=0.532）, daily living ability （OR=2.841）, and self-assessment of health status （OR=3.084） had a significant impact on the 2-week prevalence rate of the elderly. Education level （OR=1.379）, number of chronic diseases （OR=2.261）, per capita monthly income （OR=4.362）, medical insurance （OR=3.031）, regular physical examination （OR=0.584）, self-assessment of health status （OR=1.878）, and 2-week illness （OR=14.688） had a significant impact on the 2-week visit rate of the elderly. Conclusions The elderly in Baoding have a high demand for health services, but they are not fully utilized. Health services should focus on the elderly who are poor, elderly, combined chronic diseases, and have poor ability to take care of themselves, give full play to the role of primary medical institutions, improve the social pension insurance system, and improve the utilization rate of health services for the elderly.

Key words: Elderly people, Health service demand, Utilization of health service, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R197.1

高淑娜, 张琳, 李瑶. 保定地区老年人卫生服务需求及利用现状调查[J]. 华南预防医学, 2023, 49(6): 690-695.

GAO Shuna, ZHANG Lin, LI Yao. Survey on the demand and utilization of health services for the elderly in Baoding[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2023, 49(6): 690-695.

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