关键词: 骨质疏松, 中老年女性, 影响因素, 发病率

Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women and analyze its influencing factors. Methods Women aged ≥45 years who underwent physical examination in the 908 Hospital of the Joint Service Support Force of the People's Liberation Army were selected for this study. The general information of the women was investigated by physical examination and questionnaire, and the bone mineral density of the total hip joint, proximal femur, and lumbar vertebra were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. The incidence of osteoporosis in the women was determined, and the influencing factors of osteoporosis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results This study investigated a total of 1 518 women aged ≥ 45 years, with an average bone mineral density of （1.01±0.25） g/cm². A total of 487 cases were diagnosed as osteoporosis, accounting for 32.08%. Chi-square test showed that there were significant differences in the prevalence of osteoporosis among different groups in age, occupation, body mass index, smoking, drinking, times of production, hypertension, diabetes, vitamin D supplements, calcium, milk and dairy products, exercise, sleep, and menopause years （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 75 years （OR=2.335）, obesity （OR=0.635）, vitamin D supplements ≥ 3 times a week （OR=0.426）, calcium supplements ≥ 3 times a week （OR=0.512）, milk and dairy products ≥ 3 times a week （OR=0.714）, regular exercise （OR=0.417）, and menopausal years<10 years （OR=0.617） were influencing factors for osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women. Conclusion The incidence of osteoporosis in middle-aged and elderly women is high, and targeted intervention should be carried out according to the influencing factors obtained in the study to reduce the incidence of osteoporosis.

Key words: Osteoporosis, Middle-aged and elderly women, Influencing factor, Incidence