2016—2021年广东省大学生艾滋病哨点监测结果分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2024.0025

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析2016—2021年广东省大学生艾滋病哨点监测数据,以了解广东省大学生HIV、梅毒感染状况及性行为特征变化趋势,为下一步制定广东省大学生艾滋病防控措施提供参考依据。方法 2016—2021年选择大学院校较为集中的城市开展连续横断面调查,在所选地区采用分阶段整群抽样方法抽取大学生开展匿名问卷调查和血样采集,收集调查对象社会人口学、性行为信息和血清学结果,采用Mantel‐Haenszel线性趋势检验分析其变化趋势。结果 2016—2021年大学生艾滋病和梅毒检出率分别为0~0.05%和0~0.16%;对于疾病严重性、青年学生主要传播途径的知晓率均<80%（2019年除外）。曾经发生性行为比例,最近1年与固定性伴、临时性伴、商业性伴、同性性伴发生性行为比例,最近1年接受过干预服务比例,首次性行为使用安全套的比例,最近1年与固定性伴和临时性伴发生性行为时坚持使用安全套的比例呈弱上升趋势（r_s>0,P<0.05）。首次性行为平均年龄（20.00±1.89）岁;第一次发生性行为对象主要为男/女朋友（86.73%~92.91%）;最近1年接受过干预服务的大学生艾滋病知识知晓率高于未接受过干预服务的大学生（P<0.01）。结论 2016—2021年广东省大学生HIV和梅毒抗体阳性率稳定在低水平,大学生的主要性行为特点和模式未发生明显变化。针对大学生的艾滋病宣传干预工作起到了较为明显的作用,对大学生干预关口应提前。

关键词: 艾滋病病毒, 艾滋病, 梅毒, 大学生, 感染, 性行为

Abstract: Objective To analyze the HIV/AIDS sentinel surveillance data among college students in Guangdong Province from 2016 to 2021, with the aim of comprehending the prevalence of HIV and syphilis infections as well as discerning the evolving patterns of sexual behavior characteristics exhibited by college students in Guangdong Province, and to provide the reference for developing AIDS prevention and control measures in Guangdong Province. Methods A continuous cross‐sectional survey was conducted in cities with a high concentration of universities from 2016 to 2021. A phased cluster sampling method was used to collect anonymous questionnaires and blood samples from college students in selected areas, and to collect social demographics, sexual behavior information, and serological results of the survey subjects. The trend was analyzed using the Mantel‐Haenszel linear trend test. Results The detection rates of HIV/AIDS and syphilis among college students from 2016 to 2021 were 0 to 0.05% and 0 to 0.16%, respectively. The awareness rates of the severity of the disease and the main transmission routes of young students were both<80% （except in 2019）. The proportion of ever having sex, the proportion of having sex with permanent partners, temporary partners, commercial partners, homosexual partners in the last one year, the proportion of receiving intervention services in the last one year, the proportion of using condoms for the first sexual behavior, and the proportion of persisting condom use with permanent partners and temporary partners in the last one year showed a weak upward trend （r_s >0, P<0.05）. The average age of first sexual behavior was （20.00±1.89）. The first sexual behavior partners were mainly boyfriend/girlfriend （86.73%-92.91%）; the AIDS knowledge awareness rate of college students who had received intervention services in the last one year was higher than that of college students who had not received intervention services （P<0.01）. Conclusions From 2016 to 2021, the positive rates of HIV and syphilis antibodies among college students in Guangdong Province remained stable at a low level, and the characteristics and patterns of major sexual behaviors of college students did not change significantly. The HIV/AIDS propaganda and intervention work for college students has played a more obvious role, and the intervention for college students should be advanced.

Key words: HIV/AIDS, Syphilis, College student, Infection, Sexual behavior

中图分类号:

R183.7

谢仕兰, 付笑冰, 陈希, 来学惠, 刘珺, 李艳, 何思敏, 杨放. 2016—2021年广东省大学生艾滋病哨点监测结果分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2024, 50(1): 25-29.

XIE Shilan, FU Xiaobing, CHEN Xi, LAI Xuehui, LIU Jun, LI Yan, HE Simin, YANG Fang. Analysis of HIV/AIDS sentinel surveillance results among college students in Guangdong Province,2016-2021[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2024, 50(1): 25-29.

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