运城市急诊医护人员职业暴露知信行调查

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2024.0608

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的调查分析急诊医护人员职业暴露知信行情况,为提高急诊医护人员职业防护水平提供依据。方法于2023年4月随机抽取运城市8家公立医院内各40名急诊医护人员进行职业暴露知信行问卷调查,采用描述性分析方法对该地区急诊医护人员职业暴露知信行情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对影响知信行的因素进行分析。结果运城市302名急诊医护人员职业暴露认知、信念、行为评分分别为（6.80±2.23）、（7.21±1.96）、（6.47±2.11）分。认知评分条目均分较低的是标准预防概念、职业暴露用药方案、标准预防措施等,信念评分条目均分较低的是加强免疫接受可降低暴露后感染风险、暴露后需进行血清学监测、职业暴露后引起负面情绪,行为评分条目均分较低的是职业暴露后追踪监测、职业暴露后正确处理现场、职业暴露后立即上报。多重线性回归分析结果提示学历水平（β'=0.353、0.132、0.058）、急诊岗位工作年限（β'=0.247、0.328、0.142）、急诊暴露史（β'=0.203、0.248、0.215）、急诊暴露风险感知水平（β'=0.196、0.177、0.314）、参加急诊自我防护培训课程情况（β'=0.362、0.638、0.455）均是急诊医护人员职业暴露认知、信念和行为得分的相关因素。结论急诊医护人员职业暴露知信行处于中等水平,了解其职业暴露知信行高分项目、低分项目以及不同情况的急诊医护人员职业暴露知信行差异,可针对性采取更有效的干预措施,有效改善急诊医护人员职业防护水平。

关键词: 急诊, 医护人员, 职业暴露, 知识, 态度, 行为

Abstract: Objective To investigate and analyze the knowledge,attitude,and practice of occupational exposure among emergency medical staff,to provide a basis for improving their occupational protection level. Methods In April 2023,8 public hospitals in Yuncheng City were randomly selected. A total of 40 emergency medical staff from each hospital participated in a questionnaire survey on knowledge,attitude,and practice of occupational exposure. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the knowledge,attitude,and practice of occupational exposure among emergency medical staff in this region. Univariate and multivariate analysis methods were employed to analyze the factors affecting these aspects. Results The scores for knowledge,attitude,and practice of occupational exposure among 302 emergency medical staff in Yuncheng City were （6.80±2.23）,（7.21±1.96）,and （6.47±2.11） points respectively. The items with lower average scores for knowledge included standard prevention concepts,occupational exposure medication plans,and standard preventive measures. For attitude scoring items with lower average scores included strengthening immune acceptance to reduce the risk of post-exposure infection,requiring serological monitoring after exposure,and experiencing negative emotions after occupational exposure. Practice scoring items with lower average scores included tracking and monitoring after occupational exposure,correctly handling the scene after occupational exposure,and reporting immediately after an occurrence. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that educational level （β'=0.353,0.132,0.058）,years of experience in emergency positions （β'=0.247,0.328,0.142）,history of emergency exposure （β'=0.203,0.248,0.215）,perceived level of emergency exposure risk （β'=0.196,0.177,0.314）,and participation in emergency self-protection training courses （β'=0.362,0.638,0.455） were all significant factors associated with the knowledge,attitude,and practice scores of occupational exposure among emergency medical staff. Conclusions The knowledge,attitude,and practice of occupational exposure among emergency medical staff are at a moderate level. Understanding the high and low score items of knowledge,attitude,and practice of occupational exposure,as well as the differences in knowledge,attitude,and practice levels of occupational exposure among emergency medical staff in different situations,can lead to targeted and more effective intervention measures to effectively improve the occupational protection level of emergency medical staff.

Key words: Emergency department, Medical staff, Occupational exposure, Knowledge, attitude, and practice

中图分类号:

R197

安苗玲, 杨国芳, 王春娟. 运城市急诊医护人员职业暴露知信行调查[J]. 华南预防医学, 2024, 50(7): 608-612.

AN Miaoling, YANG Guofang, WANG Chunjuan. Investigation of knowledge,attitude,and practice of occupational exposure among emergency medical staff in Yuncheng City[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2024, 50(7): 608-612.

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