我国≥60岁农村失能老人的生活满意度及其影响因素分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2025.0016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解我国≥60岁农村失能老人的生活满意度,并分析其影响因素,为制定相关政策和社会支持措施提供科学依据。方法基于2018年中国养老与健康追踪调查数据,采用χ²检验及二分类logistic回归分析探讨我国≥60岁农村失能老人生活满意度及其影响因素,并建立≥60岁农村失能老人生活满意度的Nomogram预测模型。结果 4 597名≥60岁农村失能老人的生活满意度为85.12%。Logistic回归结果显示,男性（OR=1.256）、年龄≥70岁（OR=1.235、1.500）、近期有体检（OR=1.440）、健康自评（SRH）为健康（OR=2.378）、记忆力自评为好（OR=1.432）、存款5 000~50 000元（OR=1.456）、离异或分居或丧偶（OR=0.718）、中度失能（OR=0.675）、重度失能（OR=0.624）、有负债（OR=0.516）是≥60岁农村失能老人生活满意度的影响因素（P<0.05或P<0.01）。Nomogram预测模型内部验证结果显示,观察值曲线接近期望值曲线,C-index指数为0.693,模型具有一定的预测能力、精准度和区分度。结论我国≥60岁农村失能老人生活满意度较高,性别、婚姻状况、年龄、近期体检、SRH、失能程度、记忆力自评、存款、负债等与≥60岁农村失能老人生活满意度有关。

关键词: 农村, 失能老人, 生活满意度, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the life satisfaction of rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old in China and analyze its influencing factors, to provide a scientific basis for the development of relevant policies and social support measures. Methods Data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) was utilized for this study. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were employed to analyze and explore the life satisfaction of rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old, along with its influencing factors. Additionally, a Nomogram prediction model for life satisfaction of rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old was established. Results The life satisfaction of 4 597 rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old was 85.12%. Logistic regression analysis results showed that males (OR=1.256), aged ≥70 years (OR=1.235, 1.500), recent physical examination (OR=1.440), self-rated health (SRH) as healthy (OR=2.378), self-rated memory as good (OR=1.432), saving 5 000 to 50 000 yuan (OR=1.456), divorced or separated or widowed (OR=0.718), moderately disabled (OR=0.675), severely disabled (OR=0.624), and having debt (OR=0.516) were significantly associated with life satisfaction among rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Internal verification results of the Nomogram prediction model indicated that the observed curve closely matched the expected value curve, with a C-index of 0.693 suggesting that the model had certain predictive ability, accuracy, and differentiation. Conclusions The life satisfaction of rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old in China is relatively high. Factors such as gender, marital status, age, recent physical examination, SRH, degree of disability, self-rated memory, savings, and debt are all related to the life satisfaction of rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old in China.

Key words: Rural area, Disabled elderly, Life satisfaction, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R195.1

刘沁娴, 赵欣羽, 李嘉怡, 宁祖乐, 杜进林. 我国≥60岁农村失能老人的生活满意度及其影响因素分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2025, 51(1): 16-20.

LIU Qinxian, ZHAO Xinyu, LI Jiayi, NING Zule, DU Jinlin. Life satisfaction and its influencing factors of rural disabled elderly ≥60 years old in China[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2025, 51(1): 16-20.

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