健康体检人群非酒精性脂肪肝患病率及其危险因素的Meta分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2025.0937

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨健康体检人群非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）患病率及其危险因素。方法检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane 7个数据库,收集2009年1月1日至2024年12月31日期间发表的相关文献。应用Review Manager 5.4软件对纳入文献进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入19篇文献。Meta分析结果显示,健康体检人群NAFLD患病率为27.80%（95% CI：18.80%~36.80%）。高体质量指数、肥胖/中心性肥胖、腰围大、年龄大、血脂异常、血压异常、肝功能异常、血糖异常、血常规异常、不良生活习惯均是健康体检人群NAFLD发生的危险因素。结论本研究通过Meta分析证实,健康体检人群是NAFLD防控的重点群体,其患病形势严峻。NAFLD的发生与多重代谢异常及不良生活方式密切相关,凸显了开展早期筛查和系统性健康管理的紧迫性。建议将体重、血脂、血糖等综合代谢指标监测纳入常规体检项目,并加强生活方式干预,以提升NAFLD的防治效果。

关键词: 非酒精性脂肪肝, 患病率, 危险因素, 荟萃分析, 肥胖, 代谢异常

Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its associated risk factors within a population undergoing routine health examinations. Methods A systematic literature search was con⁃ducted across seven databases—CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane—to identify relevant studies published between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2024. The Meta-analysis of the selected literature was per⁃formed using Review Manager 5.4 software. Results A total of 19 studies were ultimately included in the analysis. The pooled results of the Meta-analysis indicated that the prevalence of NAFLD in the health examination population was 27.80% (95% CI: 18.80%-36.80%). Significant risk factors for the development of NAFLD in this cohort included high body mass in⁃dex, obesity/central obesity, increased waist circumference, advanced age, dyslipidemia, hypertension, abnormal liver func⁃tion, glycemic abnormalities, hematological irregularities, and adverse lifestyle habits. Conclusions This Meta-analysis con⁃firms that individuals undergoing routine health examinations represent a key demographic for the prevention and control of NAFLD, confronting a significant disease burden. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is strongly associated with multiple Metabolic abnormalities and detrimental lifestyle factors, which underscores the urgency of implementing early screening protocols and systematic health management. It is recommended that comprehensive monitoring of Metabolic indicators—including body weight, lipid profiles, and blood glucose levels—be integrated into standard health examinations. Furthermore, strengthening lifestyle interventions is crucial for enhancing the efficacy of NAFLD prevention and management strategies.

Key words: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Prevalence, Risk factors, Meta-Analysis, Obesity, Metabolic abnormalities

中图分类号:

R181.3+7

姚贵宾, 王桂青, 姚成礼. 健康体检人群非酒精性脂肪肝患病率及其危险因素的Meta分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2025, 51(9): 937-942.

ZHANG Ping, ZHU Doudou, CAO Jianyu, YAO Guibin, WANG Guiqing, YAO Chengli. Meta-Analysis of the prevalence and risk factors of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among health examination population[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2025, 51(9): 937-942.

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