河南省中小学生超重肥胖与血压偏高关联分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2025.0753

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解河南省中小学生超重肥胖和血压偏高现状并探寻其相关性,从而为预防儿童青少年血压偏高提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,选取河南省158个县区的中小学生为研究对象,使用标准仪器测量身高、体重和血压,采用χ²检验以及logistic回归分析方法分析超重肥胖与血压之间的相关性。结果 2022年共调查河南省中小学生337 710人,其中超重检出率17.85%（60 269例）,肥胖检出率19.26%（65 059例）,血压偏高检出率23.87%（80 617例）。控制年龄、性别、地区变量后,logistic回归分析发现超重组和肥胖组血压偏高风险分别是非超重肥胖组的1.378倍（OR=1.378）和1.971倍（OR=1.971）（均P<0.05）。将BMI进行标准化Z评分,发现与BMI-Z<1组相比,1≤BMI-Z<2组（OR=1.425）和BMI-Z≥2组（OR=2.072）学生血压偏高风险增加（均P<0.05）。结论超重、肥胖可能增加中小学生血压偏高风险,应采取科学有效措施改善体重健康,降低血压偏高的发生发展。

关键词: 中小学生, 血压偏高, 超重, 肥胖, 回归分析

Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence of overweight, obesity and high blood pressure among primary and secondary school students in Henan Province and explore their correlation, so as to provide a scientific basis for preventing high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was adopted. Primary and secondary school students from 158 counties and districts in Henan Province were selected. Height, weight and blood pressure were measured using standard instruments. Chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were employed to analyze the correlation between overweight, obesity and blood pressure. Results In 2022, a total of 337 710 primary and secondary school students were surveyed in Henan Province. The detection rates of overweight, obesity and high blood pressure were 17.85% (60 269), 19.26% (65 059) and 23.87% (80 617) respectively. After controlling for age, gender and region variables, logistic regression revealed the risk of high blood pressure in the overweight group and obesity group was 1.378 times (OR=1.378) and 1.971 times (OR=1.971) higher than that in the non-overweight and obesity group, respectively (both P<0.05). When BMI was standardized to Z-scores, it was found that compared with the BMI-Z <1 group, the 1≤BMI-Z<2 group (OR=1.425) and BMI-Z≥2 group (OR=2.072) exhibited an increased risk of high blood pressure (both P<0.05). Conclusions Overweight and obesity might increase the risk of high blood pressure in primary and secondary school students. Scientific and effective measures should be taken to improve weight health and reduce the occurrence and development of high blood pressure.

Key words: Primary and secondary school students, High blood pressure, Overweight, Obesity, Regression analysis

中图分类号:

R179

刘晶晶, 王丽茹, 李凤娟, 许凤鸣, 王旭, 王延鑫, 张书芳. 河南省中小学生超重肥胖与血压偏高关联分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2025, 51(7): 753-756.

LIU Jingjing, WANG Liru, LI Fengjuan, XU Fengming, WANG Xu, WANG Yanxin, ZHANG Shufang. Association between overweight, obesity and high blood pressure among primary and secondary school students in Henan Province[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2025, 51(7): 753-756.

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