华南预防医学 ›› 2015, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 21-25.doi: 10.13217/j.scjpm.2015.0021

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

广东长沙湾牡蛎养殖区水质卫生状况分析

钟贤武1,2,黄琼2,李柏生2,王安娜1,2,林虹1,2,万壮1,2,陈荣凤2,3,张永慧1,2   

  1. 1.中山大学公共卫生学院,广东 广州 510080;2.广东省疾病预防控制中心;3.南方医科大学公共卫生与热带医学学院
  • 出版日期:2015-02-20 发布日期:2015-03-30
  • 通讯作者: 张永慧 E-mail:zyh@cdcp.org.cn
  • 作者简介:钟贤武(1989—),男,在读硕士研究生,研究方向:食品安全
  • 基金资助:
    广州市科技计划项目(项目编号:2014Y2—00151)

Sanitary status of oyster aquaculture water in Changsha Bay, Guangdong Province

ZHONG Xian-wu1,2, HUANG Qiong2, LI Bo-sheng2, WANG An-na1,2, LIN Hong1,2, WAN Zhuang1,2, CHEN Rong-feng2,3, ZHANG Yong-hui1,2   

  1. 1.School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510080, China; 2.Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention;3.School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine,Southern Medical University
  • Online:2015-02-20 Published:2015-03-30

摘要: 目的了解广东省长沙湾牡蛎养殖区水质卫生状况,并探讨海水中粪大肠菌群(FCB)与主要理化指标间的关系。方法2013年11月至2014年10月在广东长沙湾牡蛎养殖区选取5个养殖点,并逐月采集养殖海水,参照GB 17378.4—2007《海洋监测规范第4部分:海水分析》测定水体水温、pH、盐度、浊度及溶解氧5个理化指标;采用GB 17378.7—2007《海洋监测规范第7部分:近海污染生态调查和生物监测》中的多管发酵法检测水中的FCB。结果2013年11月至2014年10月间在长沙湾牡蛎养殖水域共调查5个采样点,各点分别采集养殖水12份,共检测60份水样。长沙湾牡蛎养殖区海水中FCB检测范围为10~1.26×106MPN/L,总体均值3.8×103MPN/L;水中FCB检出59份,检出率为98.3%(59/60);超标36份,总超标率为60.0%(36/60)。径口、亚洲、长洲、辰洲、新村养殖点海水中FCB超标率分别为25.0%、25.0%、66.7%、83.3%、100.0%。不同养殖点间FCB超标率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。调查期间养殖点海水中FCB均值总体表现为秋冬季低(198~10 002 MPN/L)、春夏季高(501~113 783 MPN/L)的特征,但不同月份各养殖点水中FCB超标率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。调查期间养殖区水温为13.1~32.5℃;pH为6.8~9.2;盐度为0.1‰~24.9‰;浊度为7.0~140.0 NTU;溶解氧含量范围为2.9~12.5mg/L。不同月份养殖水水温、pH、盐度、浊度间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。养殖水中FCB与浊度(r=0.425)呈正相关关系;与盐度、溶解氧呈负相关关系(r=-0.266、-0.505)。结论长沙湾牡蛎养殖区海水中FCB超标率较高,建议加强沿岸污水排放的管理;盐度、浊度、溶解氧对长沙湾牡蛎养殖海水中FCB数量具有一定影响。

Abstract: Objective To investigate the water quality and sanitary conditions of oyster aquaculture water in Changsha Bay of Guangdong Province and explore the relationship between the fecal coliform bacteria (FCB) and primary physicochemical indexes in oyster aquaculture water. Methods Samples of seawater were collected monthly from five sites of the oyster aquaculture area in Changsha Bay during November 2013 to October 2014 and determined for the physicochemical parameters, including temperature, pH, salinity, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen according to GB 17378.4-2007 as well as the number of FCB according to GB 17378.7-2007. Results A total of 60 seawater samples were collected during the investigation. The FCB number in seawater taken from the oyster aquaculture area ranged from 10 MPN/L to 1.26×106 MPN/L with a geometric mean of 3.8×103MPN/L. Of the samples, 60.0% (36/60) exceeded the Sea Water Quality Standard (GB 3097-1997) for FCB in grade II seawater. During the study period, water temperature ranged from 13.1 to 32.5 ℃, pH ranged from 6.8 to 9.2, salinity ranged from 0.1 ‰ to 24.9 ‰, turbidity ranged from7.0 to 140.0 NTU, and dissolved oxygen ranged from 2.9 to 12.5 mg/L. Negative correlations were found between FCB and salinity as well as dissolved oxygen(r=-0.266、-0.505). A positive correlation was observed between FCB and turbidity(r=-0.425). Conclusion The exceeding standard rate of FCB in seawater was relatively high in Changsha oyster aquaculture area. The salinity, turbidity, and dissolved oxygen have some effects on the FCB number in seawater.

中图分类号: 

  • R155.5+5