华南预防医学 ›› 2015, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 158-163.doi: 10.13217/j.scjpm.2015.0158

• 艾滋病防治 • 上一篇    下一篇

艾滋病单阳家庭女用安全套使用可接受性研究

琚腊红1,吕繁1,曾刚1,陈琬莹1,郑军2,黄惋莉3   

  1. 1.中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京 102206;2.湖南省疾病预防控制中心;3.四川省疾病预防控制中心
  • 出版日期:2015-04-25 发布日期:2015-05-06
  • 通讯作者: 吕繁 E-mail:fanlv@vip.sina.com
  • 作者简介:琚腊红(1978—),女,硕士研究生,副主任医师,主要从事艾滋病研究工作
  • 基金资助:
    美国帕斯适宜卫生科技项目(PATH)(NET.1567-05937-SUB);国家自然科学基金(71373008)

Acceptability of female condom use among HIV sero-discordant couples

JU La-hong1, LV Fan1, ZENG Gang1, CHEN Wan-ying1, ZHENG Jun2, HUANG Wan-li3   

  1. 1.National Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China; 2.Hunan Center for Disease Control and Prevention; 3.Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention
  • Online:2015-04-25 Published:2015-05-06

摘要: 目的了解艾滋病单阳配偶对女用安全套的可接受性,并探索影响艾滋病单阳配偶女用安全套可接受性的因素。方法根据单纯随机抽样计算样本量,2013年5—12月选择湖南省邵阳市、四川省眉山市和乐山市,年龄在18~50岁之间的艾滋病单阳家庭,采用前瞻性观察性研究设计和日志形式记录艾滋病单阳家庭3个月内女用安全套使用过程,并于使用前和使用3个月后进行问卷调查,了解夫妻双方对女用安全套的态度、使用经历和使用意愿等信息,并利用logistic回归模型分析影响女用安全套可接受性的主要因素。结果共调查了89个艾滋病单阳家庭,其中以男方阳性为主,占66.3%(59/89);HIV感染者和阴性配偶的平均年龄分别为(38.5±8.6)、(37.6±8.3)岁;学历以初中为主,占41.0%(73/178),职业以农民为主,占42.1%(75/178),家庭月收入以2 000~2 999元为主,占32.6%(29/89)。86.5%(77/89)的HIV感染者是经异性途径感染HIV。调查对象研究实施前3个月性行为频次以2~3次/月为主,占44.9%(40/89);研究实施前3个月内安全套坚持使用率为86.5%(64/74)。研究期间85.4%(76/89)的单阳家庭使用了9只及以上女用安全套,每次性行为均使用安全套的比例达到了100.0%。试用后有58.4%(52/89)单阳家庭双方表示愿意接受并继续使用女用安全套。多因素分析结果显示,既往发生过强迫性性行为(OR=5.82)、女方为HIV感染者(OR=3.79)、使用安全套时在阴茎涂抹润滑剂(OR=3.57)、对培训的技能能完全理解(OR=3.31)、≥20年婚龄者(OR=2.85)和首次使用经历负性事件接受女用安全套的可能性更高(OR=7.14)。结论艾滋病单阳家庭对女用安全套具有一定程度的可接受性,可以对高危单阳配偶家庭采取女用安全套推广措施以完善预防艾滋病配偶间传播策略。

Abstract: Objective To analyze the care needs of HIV/AIDS on AIDS-related health information, emotional support, and health care assurance to provide the basis for the development of HIV/AIDS care and support policies. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate individuals living with HIV/AIDS who could be tracked in Zhuhai. The survey contents included demographic information, route of infection, detection and treatment, and demands for HIV/AIDS-related health information, emotional support, and medical insurance. Results A total of 436 HIV/AIDS cases were investigated and their average age was (36.9±10.7)years. Among all the cases, 75.0% were male, 36.7% had educational level at the junior middle school, 68.8% had average monthly gross income ≤3 000 Yuan, and 74.8% were incumbent; 44.0% were infected through heterosexual transmission, 75.7% had accepted the antiretroviral therapy, 40.1% had a better understanding of HIV/AIDS prevention knowledge, 20.4% had the knowledge of psychological decompression, 19.3% knew the knowledge of HIV/AIDS treatment and medicines, 15.8% understood nutrition knowledge, 13.1% knew about social medical insurance policy; 49.5% obtained related information through consulting physicians and 38.1% through visiting the internet, and there were significant differences in the ways to obtain the information for HIV/AIDS cases in different routes of infection and different residence (P<0.01 for all); 59.9% hoped to get the support from their families, and the proportions that the cases could get family support were different from different routes of transmission (P<0.01); 68.6% participated in social medical insurance, and the percentage that the quality of life was negatively affected in persons who participated in social medical insurance was lower than that in cases who did not (36.5% [109/299] vs. 48.2% [66/137]; P<0.01). Conclusion People living with HIV/AIDS knew less about the HIV/AIDS-related health information and many factors influenced their care demands for HIV/AIDS-related health information, emotional support, and health care assurance. Care service should be provided for them based on the demands assessment.

中图分类号: 

  • R183.7