Abstract: ObjectiveTo investigate HBV apparent and occult infections in HBsAg positive pregnant women and their newborns and explore factors influencing intrauterine infection in Xi′an City.MethodsHBsAg-positive pregnant women were recruited in Shanxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2012 to September 2015 for questionnaire survey. Their neonatal blood samples were collected within 24 hours postpartum for serologic testing. Survey results and testing results were described and analyzed by epidemiological method. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing HBV intrauterine infection of newborns.ResultsA total of 294 mothers with HBsAg participated in the study. Their ages ranged from 20 to 45 years and average age was (29±3.5) years. A total of 297 newborns (including 3 pairs of twins) were tested. The HBV intrauterine infection rate was 48.1% (143/297), including 8.08% (24/297) of apparent infection rate and 40.07% (119/297) of intrauterine occult infection rate. Multivariate logistic regression showed that mothers with HBeAg (OR = 1.813), the higher concentration of HBV DNA in peripheral blood (OR = 1.707, 2.499, 2.259), placenta previa (OR = 3.056), and without injection of hepatitis B immunoglobulin during pregnancy (OR = 2.787) were more likely to occur neonatal infection.ConclusionNewborns delivered by HBsAg positive pregnant women had high HBV intrauterine infection rate and HBV intrauterine occult infection was serious in Xi'an. It is recommended to strengthen the health education for women at childbearing age with HBsAg and HBV DNA> 200 IU / mL.