关键词: 学龄前儿童, 超重, 肥胖, 饮食, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To understand the status and influencing factors of overweight and obesity among preschool children in Dongcheng District of Beijing, and provide basis for balanced dietary interventions. Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling method, 18 kindergartens in Dongcheng District of Beijing were selected to investigate the dietary status of preschool children in middle and senior classes, and their height and weight were measured. Chi-square test and Logistic regression model were used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 2 985 cases were analyzed in this study, 8.17% and 8.21% of the children were overweight and obesity, the prevalence of overweight was 9.14% in boys and 7.14% in girls, the prevalence of obesity was 11.41% in boys and 4.78% in girls, the difference was statistically significant（P<0.01）. The prevalence of obesity increased with age（P<0.01）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that boys （OR= 1.839）, fresh / pure fruit and vegetable juice consumption frequency was 2-4 times a week （OR= 1.383）, drinking sports drinks （OR= 1.342） were risk factors for overweight / obesity; cake consumption frequency of 2-4 times a week （OR= 0.716） and ≥ 5 times a week （OR= 0.403） and nut food consumption frequency of 2-4 times a week （OR= 0.760） were protective factors for overweight / obesity. Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity among preschool children in Dongcheng District of Beijing is relatively high, which is closely related to their eating habits. Synthesized prevention and control measures for children, families, kindergartens and society should be taken to reduce the rate of overweight and obesity in preschool children.

Key words: Preschool children, Overweight, Obesity, Dietary, Influencing factor