关键词: 肺结节, 肺癌, 筛检, 影响因素, 生活方式

Abstract: Objective To investigate the screening of pulmonary nodules among employees of a unit, and analyze the imaging features and risk factors. Methods Low-dose spiral computed tomography （LDCT） pulmonary nodules screening and questionnaire survey were conducted on 3 045 on-the-job employees of a unit who underwent physical examination in the health management center of Xiangtan Central Hospital in 2019, and the detection and risk factors of pulmonary nodules were analyzed. Results A total of 2 311 employees completed LDCT pulmonary nodule screening and questionnaire survey. Among them, 839 pulmonary nodules were detected, with a detection rate of 36.3%. Ten cases and 2 cases of type 4 nodules were detected in < 40 years old and ≥ 40 years old respectively, and the detection rates were 0.6% and 0.4% respectively. There were significant differences in the detection rate of pulmonary nodules among employees of different age, preference for smoked and pickled food, preference for high fat fried food, frequency of eating eggs, vegetable intake, exercise, exposure to electromagnetic radiation and exposure to cooking fume （all P < 0.01）. The multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥ 40 years old （OR=1.64）, preference for smoked and pickled food （OR=1.38） and high fat fried food （OR=1.69）, exposure to electromagnetic radiation（OR=1.27） and cooking fume（OR=1.32）, and no exercise（OR=1.59） were risk factors of pulmonary nodule. Conclusion It is suggested to increase LDCT pulmonary nodule screening in healthy people under 40 years old. Age, dietary preference, exercise, cooking fume and electromagnetic radiation may be the influencing factors of pulmonary nodules.

Key words: Pulmonary nodule, Lung cancer, Screening, Influencing factor, Lifestyle