关键词: 职业暴露, 医院, 医务人员, 影响因素, 自我防护

Abstract: Objective To investigate the occupational exposure of medical staff in Zhengzhou, and provide a reference for formulating effective intervention measures. Methods In October 2021, the convenience sampling method was used to select the medical staff of 4 secondary hospitals and 4 tertiary hospitals in different jurisdictions of Zhengzhou as the survey subjects for occupational exposure investigation. The descriptive epidemiological analysis method was used to analyze the occupational exposure of medical staff, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze influencing factors of occupational exposure in medical staff. Results Finally, 931 medical staff were included in the effective survey, including 435 males and 496 females; aged 22-56 years, with an average age of （38.9±9.6） years; there were 354 nurses, 372 doctors, 130 laboratory technicians, and 75 anesthesiologists. Occupational exposure occurred in 91 cases, with an incidence rate of 9.77%.A total of 118 occupational exposure incidents occurred, including 57 cases of sharp injury, 39 cases of skin and mucous membrane exposure, and 22 cases of respiratory/blood/body fluid exposure. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that educational background （OR=0.779）, professional title （OR=0.751）, hospital level （OR=0.364）, work nature （OR=0.670 for laboratory technicians, OR=0.585 for anesthesiologists）, length of service （OR=0.689）, establishment nature （OR=3.904）, work fatigue （OR=2.368）, coping style （OR=2.691）, whether to participate in relevant training in the past year （OR=0.481） were the influencing factors of occupational exposure of medical staff. Conclusion The occurrence of occupational exposure is affected by many factors, such as educational background, professional title, hospital level, work nature, length of service, establishment nature, and whether they participate in relevant training in the past year. Effective intervention measures should be taken to strengthen the self-protection awareness of medical staff and improve their protection ability, to reduce the occupational exposure risk.

Key words: Occupational exposure, Hospital, Medical staff, Influencing factor, Self-protection