西安市孕妇分娩镇痛认知及需求调查

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2022.0684

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨孕妇分娩镇痛认知及需求情况。方法以西安市内各医院进行产检的孕妇为研究对象。2021年4—7月采用方便抽样方法在西安市5家医院（3家三级医院和2家二级医院）产科门诊对该期间进行产检的孕妇进行分娩镇痛相关知识及需求的问卷调查,采用描述性分析方法对分娩镇痛意愿及相关影响因素进行分析。结果共纳入675名孕妇参与本研究,有351名孕妇对分娩镇痛表示不太了解,占52.00%。孕妇通过亲戚朋友渠道了解分娩镇痛的比例最高,共388人,占57.48%。有116名孕妇认为分娩镇痛就是真的无痛,占17.19%。孕妇希望使用分娩镇痛达到的效果主要为减轻待产痛苦（85.63%）和减轻分娩痛苦（73.78%）。629名孕妇的家属愿意使用分娩镇痛,占93.19 %。孕妇希望获得的分娩镇痛相关知识为后遗症和风险（61.78%）及分娩镇痛的方法（55.11%）。多因素分析结果显示,孕妇的年龄（OR=2.486）、家庭月收入（OR=1.440、1.523、2.396）、文化程度（OR=2.232、2.675）、工作性质（OR=2.731）以及配偶意愿（OR=4.716）是影响分娩镇痛开展的影响因素。结论西安地区的孕妇人群对于分娩镇痛的认知水平相对不高,孕妇家属对于分娩镇痛具有良好的支持度,但孕妇和家属均存在一定的顾虑。分娩镇痛的推广使用受到多种因素的影响,需要继续加强宣传,改善民众的认知。

关键词: 孕妇, 分娩镇痛, 认知, 自然分娩, 剖宫产

Abstract: Objective To explore the cognition and demand of labor analgesia in pregnant women. Methods Pregnant women undergoing prenatal examinations in various hospitals in Xi’an were selected as the research objects. From April to July 2021, the convenience sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on the cognition and demand of labor analgesia among pregnant women who underwent a prenatal examination in the obstetric clinics of 5 hospitals （3 tertiary hospitals and 2 secondary hospitals） in Xi’an. The descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the willingness of labor analgesia and related influencing factors. Results A total of 675 pregnant women were included in this study, and 351 pregnant women expressed little understanding of labor analgesia, accounting for 52.00%. The proportion of pregnant women who learned about labor analgesia through relatives and friends was the highest, with 388 people, accounting for 57.48%. 116 pregnant women believed that labor analgesia was painless, accounting for 17.19%. The main effects that pregnant women hope to achieve by using labor analgesia were to reduce the pain of waiting （85.63%） and delivery （73.78%）. The family members of 629 pregnant women were willing to use labor analgesia, accounting for 93.19%. Pregnant women wanted to obtain knowledge about labor analgesia in terms of sequelae and risks （61.78%） and methods of labor analgesia （55.11 %）. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the age of pregnant women （OR=2.486）, family monthly income （OR=1.440, 1.523, 2.396）, educational level （OR=2.232, 2.675）, nature of work （OR=2.731） and spouse’s willingness （OR=4.716） were the influencing factors affecting the development of labor analgesia. Conclusion The pregnant women in Xi’an have a relatively low level of cognition of labor analgesia. The family members of pregnant women have good support for labor analgesia, but both pregnant women and family members have some concerns. The popularization and use of labor analgesia are affected by many factors. It is necessary to continue to strengthen publicity and improve people’s cognition.

Key words: Pregnant woman, Labor analgesia, Cognition, Natural delivery, Cesarean section

中图分类号:

R173

李海浪, 何玉萍, 王秀梅, 田苗. 西安市孕妇分娩镇痛认知及需求调查[J]. 华南预防医学, 2022, 48(6): 684-687.

LI Hai-lang, HE Yu-ping, WANG Xiu-mei, TIAN Miao. Cognition and demand of labor analgesia of pregnant women in Xi'an[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2022, 48(6): 684-687.

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