关键词: 知识, 态度, 实践, 用药安全, 行为风险, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitude, and practice （KAP） regarding medication among residents in Ningde City, and analyze the relevant factors that affect the risk of medication safety behavior among residents. Methods The convenience sampling method was employed to carry out a KAP questionnaire survey on medication safety behavior risks among residents in Ningde City during June 2021. Descriptive analysis was utilized to examine the medication-related KAP of residents, while exploring the interrelationship between knowledge, attitude, and practice. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to investigate the influencing factors affecting knowledge, attitude, and practice. Results Among the 768 participants, there were 289 males （37.63%） and 479 females （62.37%）, aged 19-78 years. The mean medication knowledge score was （74.49 ± 21.72）, with an excellent rating of 203 individuals （26.43%） and a good rating of 323 individuals （42.06%）. The average attitude score was （32.56 ± 5.58）, with an excellent rating for only 36 participants （4.69%） and a good rating for 241 participants （31.38%）. As for medication behavior, the average score was found to be （63.29 ±11.73）, with an excellent rating received by187 individuals （24.35%） and a good rating by 373 individuals （48.57%）. The results of the multivariate analysis revealed that several independent factors significantly influenced medication knowledge, including gender （β’=-0.073）, age （β’=0.092）, place of residence （β’=0.074）, education level （β’=-0.121）, medical security situation such as commercial insurance, self-funded medical care, and others （β’=0.164, 0.118, 0.127 respectively）, occupational status as a freelancer （β’=0.166）, and work status as retired or none/unemployed individuals （β’=0.140, 0.163 respectively）. Furthermore, various independent factors were found to influence medication attitudes including medical security through commercial insurance coverage （β’=0.150）, occupational status as a teacher （β’=0.105）, and medication knowledge levels （β’=0.729）. Moreover, the study identified several independent factors affecting medication practices including gender （β’= -0.141）, medical security situation such as commercial insurance, self-funded medical care, and others （β’=0.222, 0.132, 0.130 respectively）, occupational status as a freelancer （β’=0.099）, work status as retired （β’=0.111）, medication knowledge levels （β’=1.572）, and medication attitudes （β’=1.983）. Conclusions The KAP regarding medication safety behaviors among residents in Ningde City demonstrates an overall positive trend. However, it is crucial to prioritize the medication safety risks among the elderly population and individuals with limited education or unstable employment, and the medication education for residents needs to be further strengthened.

Key words: Knowledge, attitude, and practice, Medication safety, Behavioral risk, influence factor