关键词: 慢性病, 体力活动, 问卷调查, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the physical activity levels of patients with chronic diseases in the communities of Zhangjiakou City, and analyze the factors that influence the insufficient physical activity among patients, to provide a basis for further targeted guidance on physical activity among patients with chronic diseases. Methods A self‐designed general data table and International Physical Activity Questionnaire （IPAQ） were used to investigate the general situation and physical activity level of 953 patients with chronic diseases. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the status of physical activity in patients with chronic diseases, and binary Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of insufficient physical activity in patients with chronic diseases. Results The investigation of total physical activity in one week showed that the proportions of active physical activity （high level）, sufficient physical activity （medium level）, and insufficient physical activity （low level） in 953 patients with chronic diseases were 12.91% （123 cases）, 49.42% （471 cases）, and 37.67% （359 cases）, respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that female （OR=0.743）, age ≥60 years old （OR=0.630）, higher education level （OR=0.899, 0.843, 0.769）, body mass index （BMI） ≥24 kg/m² （OR=1.687）, per capita household income >6 000 yuan （OR=0.743）, live in rural areas （OR=0.810）, occupation in agriculture, forestry, husbandry, and fishery （OR=0.746）, unemployment or retirement （OR=0.719）, the types of chronic diseases including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and chronic respiratory diseases （OR=3.043） were the influencing factors of insufficient physical activity in patients with chronic diseases. Conclusions The insufficient physical activity in patients with chronic diseases is relatively serious. Interventions for physical activity should be strengthened and corresponding guidance and suggestions should be provided for high‐risk groups who are male, have low education level and economic income, are overweight or obese, have less time and opportunities to exercise at work, and have cardiopulmonary function impairment.

Key words: Chronic disease, Physical activity, Questionnaire survey, Influencing factor