慢性心力衰竭患者1年内再入院情况及影响因素分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2023.0676

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的探讨慢性心力衰竭患者出院1年内再入院的发生情况及影响因素。方法选择2019年1月至2021年12月在淮安市第二人民医院住院治疗的慢性心力衰竭患者作为研究对象,对患者随访1年,采用描述流行病学分析方法对该人群出院1年内再入院的情况进行分析,并采用单、多因素对再入院的影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共有效纳入981例慢性心力衰竭患者,其中479例患者出院1年内再入院治疗,再入院率为48.83%;多因素分析结果显示年龄越大（OR=1.587）、BMI≥28.0 kg/m²（OR=3.177）、病程（1~<5年OR=1.562,≥5年OR=2.538）、出院时心功能分级（Ⅲ级OR=1.505,Ⅳ级OR=2.097）、独居（OR=2.583）、合并高血压（OR=1.491）、合并冠心病（OR=3.107）、合并血脂异常（OR=3.002）、服药依从性差（OR=5.149）、不能规律复诊（OR=1.893）、未能坚持低钠饮食（OR=1.491）、未能坚持限制饮水（OR=2.010）,自我感受负担（中度负担OR=3.965,重度负担OR=4.590）是慢性心力衰竭患者出院1年内再入院的影响因素。结论慢性心力衰竭患者出院1年内再入院率较高,受年龄、肥胖、病程、出院时心功能分级等多种因素的影响。

关键词: 慢性心力衰竭, 再入院, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of readmission in patients with chronic heart failure within one year after discharge. Methods Patients with chronic heart failure who were hospitalized in Huai‘an Second People’s Hospital from January 2019 to December 2021 were selected for this study. The patients were followed up for one year. Descriptive analysis method was used to analyze the readmission status of the population within one year after discharge, and univariate and multivariate analysis methods were used to analyze the influencing factors of readmission. Results A total of 981 patients with chronic heart failure were included in this study, of which 479 patients were readmitted for treatment within one year after discharge, with a readmission rate of 48.83%. Multivariate analysis showed that in crease of age （OR=1.587）, body mass index ≥ 28.0 kg/m² （OR=3.177）, course of disease （1-<5 years OR=1.562, ≥5 years OR=2.538）, cardiac function grade at discharge （grade Ⅲ OR=1.505, grade Ⅳ OR=2.097）, living alone （OR=2.583）, hypertension （OR=1.491）, coronary heart disease （OR=3.107）, dyslipidemia （OR=3.002）, poor drug compliance （OR=5.149）, irregular follow-up （OR=1.893）, failure to adhere to a low sodium diet （OR=1.491）, failure to adhere to water restriction （OR=2.010）, and self-perceived burden （moderate burden OR=3.965, severe burden OR=4.590） were influencing factors for patients with chronic heart failure to be readmitted within one year after discharge. Conclusion The readmission rate of patients with chronic heart failure within one year after discharge is high, which is influenced by multiple factors such as age, obesity, course of disease, and cardiac function grade at discharge.

Key words: Chronic heart failure, Readmission, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R195

杨红梅, 李海珍, 刘娟, 徐瑞婷, 吴静, 赵艳平. 慢性心力衰竭患者1年内再入院情况及影响因素分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2023, 49(6): 676-680.

YANG Hongmei, LI Haizhen, LIU Juan, XU Ruiting, WU Jing, ZHAO Yanping. Analysis of readmission status and influencing factors in patients with chronic heart failure within one year[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2023, 49(6): 676-680.

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