青岛市支气管哮喘儿童身高发育情况调查及影响因素分析

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2024.0917

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的对青岛市支气管哮喘儿童身高发育情况进行研究,探讨其影响因素,为预防和临床治疗提供科学依据。方法以2022年10月至2023年12月青岛市3家医院呼吸科门诊诊治的支气管哮喘儿童为研究对象,根据其身高分为身高偏矮组和身高正常组,收集其病历资料并对家长进行问卷调查。采用描述性分析方法对哮喘儿童身高发育情况进行分析,并采用单因素和多因素分析方法对哮喘儿童身高发育的影响因素进行分析。结果本研究共纳入青岛市1 095例支气管哮喘儿童进行调查,身高偏矮组418例（38.17%）,身高正常组677例（61.83%）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,出生体重≥2.5 kg（OR=0.786）、首发年龄（OR=0.726）、每天喝奶（OR=0.832）、每天运动时间≥0.5 h（OR=0.762）是哮喘儿童身高发育偏矮的保护因素（均P<0.05）;0~6个月喂养方式（OR=3.118）、偏食（OR=2.078）、哮喘严重程度（OR=1.979）、使用糖皮质激素（OR=2.803）、合并肺动脉高压（OR=2.078）、病程（OR=3.365）和哮喘年平均发作次数（OR=2.770）是哮喘儿童身高发育偏矮的危险因素（均P<0.05）。结论出生体重、首发年龄、0~6个月喂养方式、每天是否喝奶、偏食情况、运动时间、哮喘严重程度、使用糖皮质激素、合并肺动脉高压、病程和哮喘年平均发作次数是哮喘儿童身高发育情况的独立影响因素,为临床治疗提供依据,更好保障儿童健康。

关键词: 支气管哮喘, 儿童, 身高, 发育, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To study the height development of children with bronchial asthma in Qingdao City, and to explore its influencing factors, so as to provide the scientific basis for prevention and clinical treatment. Methods Children with bronchial asthma who were treated in the respiratory department of 3 hospitals in Qingdao City from October 2022 to December 2023 were selected for this study. According to their height, they were divided into under height group and normal height group. Their medical records were collected, and their parents were surveyed by questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the height development of children with bronchial asthma, and univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors of height development. Results A total of 1 095 children with bronchial asthma in Qingdao City were included in this study, including 418 (38.17%) in the under height group and 677 (61.83%) in the normal height group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that birth weight ≥2.5 kg (OR=0.786), age of first onset of asthma (OR=0.726), daily milk consumption (OR=0.832), and daily exercise time ≥0.5 h (OR=0.762) were protective factors for under height in asthmatic children (all P<0.05). Feeding pattern in 0-6 months of age (OR=3.118), partial diet (OR=2.078), asthma severity (OR=1.979), glucocorticoid use (OR=2.803), combined pulmonary hypertension (OR=2.078), disease duration (OR=3.365), and average annual asthma attacks (OR=2.770) were risk factors for under height in asthmatic children (all P<0.05). Conclusion Birth weight, age of first onset of asthma, feeding pattern in 0-6 months of age, daily milk consumption, partial diet, exercise time, asthma severity, glucocorticoid use, combined pulmonary hypertension, disease duration, and average annual asthma attacks are independent factors influencing the height development of children with bronchial asthma, providing evidence for clinical treatment and better protecting children's health.

Key words: Bronchial asthma, Children, Height, Development, Influencing factors

中图分类号:

R179

李文松, 李菲菲, 闫均, 王亮. 青岛市支气管哮喘儿童身高发育情况调查及影响因素分析[J]. 华南预防医学, 2024, 50(10): 917-921.

LI Wensong, LI Feifei, YAN Jun, WANG Liang. Investigation of height development and its influencing factors in children with bronchial asthma in Qingdao City[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2024, 50(10): 917-921.

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