广州市黄埔区HIV/AIDS患者治疗依从性及其影响因素

doi:10.12183/j.scjpm.2020.0129

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解发现即治疗策略下HIV/AIDS患者抗病毒治疗依从性及影响因素。方法以广州市黄埔区正接受抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）的HIV/AIDS患者为研究对象进行问卷调查,调查内容包括自制问卷、多维度领悟社会支持量表和视觉模拟评分法,采用描述流行病分析方法进行分析,并采用单、多因素分析方法对治疗依从性影响因素进行分析。结果共收集到有效问卷205份。调查对象平均（35.79 ± 10.66）岁。男性183例,占89.3%;未婚102例,占49.8%;职业为工人或农民工共93例,占45.4%;大专及以上文化程度81例,占39.5％;同性传播121例,占59.0%。ARI治疗依从性好占75.6%,其中按时服药率90%~94%占21.5%。25~39岁（OR=0.28）、工人/农民工、其他（待业、学生等）职业（OR=0.13、0.13）、最近1次CD4计数≥350、500个/μL（OR=0.34、0.13）、社会支持程度为中间支持状态（OR=0.24）的HIV/AIDS患者治疗依从性较差,认可坚持按时按量服药可以延长寿命（OR=5.15）、对随访医生服务满意（OR=3.90）的HIV/AIDS患者治疗依从性较好。结论黄埔区HIV/AIDS患者治疗依从性一般,且受较多因素影响,应针对相关影响因素采取积极的干预措施提高ART治疗依从性。

关键词: 艾滋病, 治疗, 依从性, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the adherence to antiretroviral therapy （ART） and its influencing factors among HIV/AIDS patients. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among HIV/AIDS patients undergoing ART in Huangpu District, Guangzhou. The survey content included self-made questionnaire, multidimensional scale of perceived social support, and visual analogue scale. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to determine factors associated with ART adherence. Results A total of 205 valid questionnaires were collected. The average age of the respondents was （35.79 ± 10.66） years. Of all the respondents, 183 （89.3%） were males, 102 （49.8%） unmarried, 93 （45.4%） had occupations of workers or migrant workers, 81 （39.5 %） were college graduates or above, and 121 （59.0%） were infected through homosexual transmission. The adherence to ART was good at 75.6%, of which 21.5% had an on-time medication rate of 90% -94%. The HIV/AIDS patients aged 25-39 years （OR=0.28）, with occupations of worker/migrant worker, others （unemployed, student, etc.）（OR=0.13, 0.13）, the latest CD4 count ≥350 / μL and 500/ μL（OR=0.34, 0.13）, and intermediate social support status （OR=0.24） had poor adherence to ART. Those who persisted in taking medicines regime to prolong life （OR=5.15） and were satisfied with the service of follow-up doctors （OR=3.90） had better adherence to ART. Conclusion The adherence to ART was moderate for the HIV/AIDS patients in Huangpu District and influenced by many factors. Active intervention measures should be taken to improve the adherence to ART.

Key words: HIV/AIDS, ART, Adherence, Influencing factor

中图分类号:

R183.7

田志鹏, 陈庆良, 余红仙, 何丹, 张知光, 罗小华. 广州市黄埔区HIV/AIDS患者治疗依从性及其影响因素[J]. 华南预防医学, 2020, 46(2): 129-132.

TIAN Zhi-peng, CHEN Qing-liang, YU Hong-xian, HE Dan, ZHANG Zhi-guang, LUO Xiao-hua. Adherence to ART and influcencing factors among HIV/AIDS patients in Huangpu District, Guangzhou[J]. South China Journal of Preventive Medicine, 2020, 46(2): 129-132.

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