关键词: 高血压, 多病共存, 血脂异常, 2型糖尿病, 冠心病

Abstract: Objective To analyze the status of multiple disease coexistence in patients with hypertension to provide reference data for preventing and treating hypertension. Methods Hypertensive patients treated and contracted for management in the hypertension department of a hospital in Zhengzhou from March 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects. A self-made questionnaire was used to collect hypertension complicated with other chronic diseases, and a descriptive analysis of the survey results was carried out. Results A total of 3 942 patients with hypertension were included in this study, including 2 048 males and 1 894 females, aged 37-78 years, with an average of （53.9 ± 6.8） years. The course of hypertension ranged from 1 to 18 years, with an average of （6.2 ± 1.9） years. Classification of hypertension： 1 172 cases of high blood pressure, 1 843 cases of grade 1 hypertension, 832 cases of grade 2 hypertension, and 95 cases of grade 3 hypertension. There were 1 847 cases of multiple diseases, with an incidence of 46.85%. Among them, 1 316 cases coexisted with one disease, accounting for 71.25%, 464 cases coexisted with two diseases, accounting for 25.12%, and 67 cases coexisted with three or more diseases, accounting for 3.63%. There were significant differences in the prevalence of multiple diseases coexistence among patients with hypertension of different gender, ages, smoking, drinking, physical exercise, course of hypertension, and grade of hypertension （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. The prevalence of multiple diseases coexistence was higher in males, 70-78 years old, smoking, drinking, physical exercise did not meet the standard, 16-18 years of course of hypertension, and grade 3 hypertension. In the coexisting diseases of hypertension, the top 3 were dyslipidemia （587 cases, 31.78%）, type 2 diabetes （510 cases, 27.61%）, and coronary heart disease （432 cases, 23.39%）, followed by osteoporosis （384 cases, 20.79%）, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （272 cases, 14.73%）, cerebral infarction （156 cases, 8.45%）, and chronic renal disease （113 cases, 6.12%）. Conclusion The proportion of hypertensive with multiple diseases is high, and there are many types of coexisting diseases. The common coexisting diseases are dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, and so on. Prevention and intervention should be strengthened according to the characteristics of hypertension patients with multiple diseases, active control of blood pressure while reducing the occurrence of coexisting diseases, so as to improve the quality of life of hypertensive patients.

Key words: Hypertension, Multiple disease coexistence, Dyslipidemia, Type 2 diabetes, Coronary heart disease